GK Questions

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Showing 1021–1040 of 1405 questions
polity hard true_false

The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) audits all receipts and expenditures of Union/State governments, but its reports are advisory and implementation of recommendations depends on executive/legislative action.

  1. True
  2. False
polity medium true_false

The Model Code of Conduct (MCC) for elections is a statutory provision enforceable by courts, and violations can lead to criminal prosecution of candidates/parties.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard true_false

The Supreme Court has recognized that right to health under Article 21 includes protection of traditional medical knowledge from biopiracy, requiring benefit-sharing with indigenous communities when their knowledge is commercialized.

  1. True
  2. False
polity medium true_false

The Mental Healthcare Act, 2017 requires insurance coverage for mental illness on par with physical illness, operationalizing right to health under Article 21 by ensuring mental health is not treated as secondary to physical health.

  1. True
  2. False
polity medium true_false

The Ayushman Bharat scheme operationalizes right to health under Article 21 by providing health insurance coverage to economically vulnerable families, reflecting the State's obligation to progressively realize right to health within resource constraints.

  1. True
  2. False
polity medium true_false

The Supreme Court has recognized right to access traditional medicine systems (Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy) as part of right to health under Article 21, while requiring scientific validation, quality standards, and integration with mainstream healthcare.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard true_false

Freedom of association under Article 19(1)(c) includes right to form political parties, subject to reasonable restrictions under Article 19(4) for sovereignty, integrity, public order, and courts apply proportionality test to balance party autonomy with electoral integrity.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard true_false

The Supreme Court has interpreted Article 21 to include reproductive rights, including access to safe abortion, contraception, and maternal healthcare, recognizing that reproductive autonomy is intrinsic to dignity, privacy, and liberty.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard true_false

The 103rd Constitutional Amendment (2019) added economic criteria as basis for reservation under Articles 15(6) and 16(6) for EWS among forward castes, and the Supreme Court upheld this in Janhit Abhiyan (2022) holding economic disadvantage can be basis for affirmative action alongside social/educational backwardness.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard true_false

Emerging jurisprudence on gig economy workers (e.g., ride-hailing, food delivery) interprets Article 21 to require social security, fair wages, and grievance redressal, recognizing that livelihood rights extend to non-traditional employment relationships.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard true_false

The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 operationalizes the right to privacy recognized in Puttaswamy case by imposing obligations on data fiduciaries to process personal data only for lawful purposes with consent, and establishing a Data Protection Board for enforcement.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard true_false

Freedom of assembly under Article 19(1)(b) is subject to reasonable restrictions under Article 19(3) for public order, and courts apply proportionality test to balance protest rights with security concerns, requiring restrictions to be least intrusive and time-bound.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard true_false

Post-Puttaswamy, Indian courts have required that surveillance activities (phone tapping, internet monitoring) comply with procedural safeguards including judicial oversight, proportionality assessment, and transparency to protect right to privacy under Article 21.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard true_false

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Supreme Court monitored government response to ensure right to health under Article 21, directing measures on oxygen supply, vaccine distribution, and migrant welfare while respecting executive domain on policy choices.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard true_false

In Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India (2018), the Supreme Court held that right to dignity under Article 21 requires respect for sexual orientation, and discrimination based on sexual orientation violates Articles 14, 15, 19, and 21.

  1. True
  2. False
polity medium true_false

Under Article 39A (inserted by 42nd Amendment) and Article 21, the Supreme Court in Hussainara Khatoon case held that free legal aid to poor accused is essential for procedural justice, leading to the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 establishing NALSA for free legal services.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard true_false

In Shayara Bano v. Union of India (2017), the Supreme Court struck down instant triple talaq as violating Article 14 (right to equality), holding that constitutional values of gender equality override discriminatory religious customs.

  1. True
  2. False
polity medium true_false

Despite the RTE Act mandating 25% reservation in private schools for EWS children, implementation challenges include reimbursement delays to schools, documentation hurdles for parents, and quality concerns regarding social integration and academic support.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard true_false

The Supreme Court has interpreted Article 21 to include right to clean environment, applying principles like sustainable development, precautionary principle, and polluter pays to balance development with ecological sustainability.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard true_false

For competitive exam success, understanding Indian federalism requires recognizing it as both a constitutional framework (dividing powers between Union and States) and a dynamic practice (evolving through judicial interpretation, legislative action, and democratic negotiation) — demanding integrated preparation combining text, cases, contemporary issues, and critical thinking.

  1. True
  2. False