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Answer: True
e-Office replaces paper files with digital workflows: creation, routing, approval, archiving. Improves efficiency, transparency, and remote work capability. Part of Digital India's governance transformation.
Answer: True
Modern trade agreements (DEPA, RCEP digital chapters) cover: cross-border data flows, data localization, e-commerce, and digital services taxation. Critical for understanding global digital economy governance.
Answer: True
Network slicing partitions 5G infrastructure into logical networks with customized QoS: low-latency for autonomous vehicles, high-bandwidth for video, massive IoT for sensors. Critical for 5G monetization and industry applications.
Answer: True
NewSQL (CockroachDB, TiDB) provides ACID transactions, SQL compatibility, and horizontal scaling. Bridges gap between traditional RDBMS and NoSQL. Critical for modern database architecture questions.
Answer: True
Serverless (AWS Lambda, Azure Functions) abstracts infrastructure: auto-scaling, pay-per-execution. Trade-offs: cold starts, vendor lock-in. Critical for cost-optimized cloud development questions.
Answer: True
Cloud certifications (AWS, Azure, GCP) validate skills in architecture, security, and operations. Valued by employers for cloud roles. India has growing demand for certified professionals. Critical for career development questions.
Answer: True
SISFS provides up to ₹20 lakh for proof of concept and ₹50 lakh for commercialization via incubators. Targets early-stage innovation-driven startups. Critical for entrepreneurship policy questions.
Answer: True
DPDP Act Section 8(5) mandates technical/organizational measures: encryption, access controls, incident response. Aligns with global standards (GDPR). Critical for data protection compliance questions.
Answer: True
Zero Trust assumes breach and verifies identity, device health, and context for every request. Implements micro-segmentation, least privilege, and continuous monitoring. Critical for modern security architecture questions.
Answer: True
Differential privacy mathematically guarantees that query results don't reveal individual records. Used in census data, health analytics, and tech company telemetry. Balances utility and privacy. Critical for privacy-preserving analytics questions.
Answer: True
Metaverse Standards Forum (Khronos Group, Linux Foundation) develops open standards for interoperability: avatars, assets, identity across platforms. Critical for avoiding walled gardens and enabling open metaverse ecosystems. Important for future tech governance questions.
Answer: True
Large Language Models generate plausible text but can 'hallucinate' incorrect facts, especially for niche topics. Mitigation: retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), fact-checking layers, and human oversight. Critical for responsible AI deployment questions.
Answer: True
LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) enables km-range communication with years of battery life. Ideal for smart agriculture, utilities, and asset tracking. Trade-off: low data rate vs long range. Critical for LPWAN technology questions.
Answer: True
UPI's success led to international linkages: PayNow-UPI (Singapore), UPI-PayNow (UAE), and discussions with France, UK. NPCI International promotes UPI-like systems globally. Represents India's leadership in digital public infrastructure and fintech innovation.
Answer: True
Direct Air Capture (DAC) uses chemical processes to extract CO2 from ambient air for storage or utilization. Complements emission reduction for net-zero goals. India is developing DAC roadmap under National Carbon Capture Program. Critical for climate tech questions.
Answer: True
NLP combines linguistics and AI for tasks: translation, sentiment analysis, chatbots, summarization. Transformer models (BERT, GPT) revolutionized NLP with attention mechanisms. Critical for AI applications in governance, customer service, and accessibility questions.
Answer: True
Green hydrogen (electrolysis using renewables) stores energy chemically for days/weeks, convertible to electricity via fuel cells or turbines. Complements batteries (short-duration) for seasonal storage. India's National Green Hydrogen Mission targets this application.
Answer: True
CubeSats (10x10x10 cm units) standardize small satellite design, reducing cost/time for development and launch. Enable: technology demos, earth observation, IoT connectivity. India promotes CubeSats via ISRO and academic programs. Critical for democratizing space access questions.
Answer: True
Red Teaming conducts adversarial simulations (physical, cyber, social) to identify gaps in detection, response, and resilience. Distinct from pentesting (vulnerability-focused). Critical for mature security programs and incident readiness questions.
Answer: True
EUV lithography (ASML) enables single-patterning of sub-7nm features vs multi-patterning with DUV. Challenges: light source power, mask defects, resist sensitivity. Critical technology for leading-edge chips; India monitors for future capability development.