Technology – MCQ – GK Questions

Anomaly detection establishes baselines of normal behavior and flags deviations, enabling zero-day threat detection. Critical for advanced threat protection in modern SOCs.

Responsible MLOps: model cards document limitations, fairness audits detect bias across groups, A/B testing validates real-world impact. Critical for ethical AI deployment.

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) trains reward models from human rankings, then optimizes LLM to maximize rewards. Critical for aligning AI with human values and safety.

Effective tech policy: technology-neutral (focus on outcomes), proportionate to risks, adaptable to innovation. Balances consumer protection with innovation incentives. Critical for policy design.

Telecommunications Standards Development Society, India (TSDSI) develops indigenous telecom standards, represents India in 3GPP, ITU. Critical for technology sovereignty and 5G/6G leadership.

Multiple imputation creates several completed datasets with different plausible values for missing data, analyzing each and combining results. Accounts for uncertainty vs single imputation methods.

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) transforms features into orthogonal components ordered by variance explained. Enables visualization, noise reduction, and faster model training.

Histograms bin continuous data to show frequency distribution, revealing skewness, outliers, and modality. Critical for exploratory data analysis and statistical understanding.

Refactor (re-architect) redesigns applications for cloud-native: microservices, serverless, containers. Maximizes cloud benefits but requires significant effort. Critical for digital transformation.

Multi-cloud architecture distributes workloads across AWS, Azure, GCP to avoid vendor lock-in, improve resilience, and leverage best-of-breed services. Critical for enterprise cloud strategy.

NIST SP 800-61 and ISO 27035 provide structured incident response methodologies. Critical for consistent, effective handling of security incidents in enterprises.

SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) aggregates logs, correlates events, and detects anomalies across network, endpoint, and application sources. Foundation for modern SOC operations.

MLOps platforms integrate: feature stores for consistent data, model registries for versioning, serving infrastructure for scalable inference. Critical for production ML system reliability.

Function calling/tool use enables LLMs to invoke APIs, run code, query databases for tasks beyond text generation. Critical for building agentic AI systems that interact with real-world systems.

MLOps combines: CI/CD for automated deployment, drift detection for performance monitoring, A/B testing for validation. Critical for maintaining ML system reliability and business value over time.

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) combines LLMs with external knowledge retrieval, reducing hallucinations by grounding responses in verified sources. Critical for factual accuracy in enterprise AI applications.

Transformer architecture (Vaswani et al., 2017) uses self-attention mechanisms to process sequences in parallel, enabling scaling to billions of parameters. Foundation for GPT, BERT, LLaMA, and other LLMs. Critical for understanding modern AI systems.

Compiling source code is performed by compiler software (like GCC, javac), not the OS. OS functions include: process management, memory management, file system management, device management, security, and user interface. Compilers are application/system software that run ON the OS.

Computer Vision enables machines to interpret and understand visual information from the world using cameras and AI algorithms. Applications include facial recognition, medical imaging analysis, autonomous vehicles, quality inspection, and augmented reality. Combines deep learning, image processing, and pattern recognition.

VSSC (Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre), Thiruvananthapuram, is ISRO's lead center for launch vehicle development including PSLV, GSLV, and LVM3. URSC handles satellites, LPSC develops propulsion systems, ISAC integrates satellites. ISRO has multiple specialized centers across India.