Technology – MCQ – GK Questions

Q: Which visualization shows the distribution of a variable across categories?

Both A and B – Box plots show median, quartiles, outliers; violin plots add density estimation. Both effective for comparing distributions across categories. Critical for exploratory data analysis.

Q: Which pattern enables microservices to communicate asynchronously using message queues?

Event-Driven Architecture – Event-driven architecture uses message brokers (Kafka, RabbitMQ) for decoupled, asynchronous service communication. Enables scalability, resilience, and real-time processing.

Q: Which service provides managed relational databases with automatic backups and scaling?

Both A and B – Managed databases (AWS RDS, GCP Cloud SQL) handle provisioning, patching, backups, scaling. Reduces operational overhead vs self-managed databases. Critical for cloud application development.

Q: Which technique identifies phishing emails by analyzing sender reputation and content patterns?

Both A and B – Email security combines: SPF/DKIM for authentication, ML for content analysis, heuristics for known patterns. Layered defense critical for phishing protection.

Q: Which practice ensures ML models are versioned alongside code and data for reproducibility?

Both A and B – MLOps tools: DVC versions data and models, MLflow tracks experiments and deployments. Combined with Git for end-to-end reproducibility. Critical for enterprise ML governance.

Q: Which technique enables LLMs to generate structured outputs like JSON from natural language?

Both A and B – Structured output: function calling defines schemas for LLM responses, parsing libraries validate/extract structured data. Critical for integrating LLMs with APIs and databases.

Q: Which principle ensures technology regulations are proportionate to risks posed?

All of these – Effective tech policy: proportionate to actual risks, technology-neutral (focus on outcomes), risk-based (higher scrutiny for higher-risk activities). Critical for balanced policy design.

Q: Which body oversees cybersecurity policy and coordination in India?

Both A and B – CERT-In handles cyber incident response; NCIIPC (National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre) protects critical infrastructure. Both under MeitY for cybersecurity governance.

Q: Which technique handles imbalanced datasets by adjusting class weights during training?

All of these – Imbalance handling: oversampling (SMOTE) increases minority, undersampling reduces majority, class weighting adjusts loss function. Choice depends on data size and model type.

Q: Which metric is most appropriate for evaluating regression models?

RMSE – Regression metrics: RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) penalizes large errors, MAE for robustness, R² for variance explained. Choice depends on business impact of errors.