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Which certification validates expertise in data engineering and pipeline development?
- Google Professional Data Engineer
- AWS Data Analytics
- Databricks Certified
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Cloud/data platform certifications validate skills in ETL, streaming, warehousing. Critical for data infrastructure roles in growing Indian data economy.
Hexagonal Architecture (Ports and Adapters) isolates business logic from external dependencies for testability.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Hexagonal Architecture defines ports (interfaces) for external services, enabling easy mocking and testing. Critical for maintainable, adaptable enterprise applications.
Which database feature enables querying across multiple data sources without moving data?
- Data Virtualization
- ETL
- Replication
- Sharding
Answer: Data Virtualization
Data Virtualization provides unified query interface across heterogeneous sources (SQL, NoSQL, APIs) without physical integration. Critical for agile analytics and federated data architectures.
The protocol that enables secure key exchange over insecure channels is called ________ Key Exchange.
Answer: Diffie-Hellman
Diffie-Hellman enables two parties to establish shared secret over public channel, foundation for TLS, SSH. Critical for understanding cryptographic protocols in network security.
Which initiative provides IPR support and fast-tracking for startups?
- SIPP Scheme
- Patent Facilitation
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
SIPP (Scheme for IPR Protection) offers fee rebates and expedited examination for startups. Critical for encouraging innovation and protecting intellectual property.
The e-Hospital initiative digitizes hospital operations including OPD, IPD, and pharmacy management.
- True
- False
Answer: True
e-Hospital (under Digital India) provides HMIS for patient registration, appointments, records, billing. Improves efficiency, transparency, and patient experience in public hospitals.
Which regulation requires explicit consent for processing sensitive personal data in India?
- IT Act 2000
- DPDP Act 2023
- RBI Guidelines
- All of these
Answer: DPDP Act 2023
DPDP Act 2023 mandates explicit consent for sensitive personal data (biometrics, health, etc.), with purpose limitation and data principal rights. Critical for privacy compliance questions.
The practice of continuously monitoring cloud environments for threats and anomalies is called Cloud ________.
Answer: Security Monitoring / CNAPP
Cloud Security Monitoring (part of CNAPP - Cloud-Native Application Protection Platforms) uses AI/ML to detect threats, misconfigurations, and anomalies in real-time. Critical for proactive cloud defense.
Which framework provides guidelines for securing mobile devices and applications in enterprises?
- NIST SP 800-124
- OWASP MASVS
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
NIST SP 800-124 covers mobile device management; OWASP MASVS provides mobile app security requirements. Critical for BYOD and mobile enterprise security questions.
The concept of 'digital sovereignty' emphasizes national control over data, infrastructure, and technology standards.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Digital sovereignty drives policies: data localization, domestic cloud infrastructure, indigenous standards. Balances security, innovation, and global cooperation. Critical for tech policy questions.
Which role focuses on designing user interfaces that are accessible and inclusive?
- UX Designer
- UI Developer
- Accessibility Specialist
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Accessible design requires collaboration: UX research, UI implementation, and accessibility expertise (WCAG compliance). Critical for inclusive digital services and legal compliance.
The architectural pattern that organizes code by business capability rather than technical layer is called ________ Architecture.
Answer: Domain-Driven Design / DDD
DDD aligns software structure with business domains: entities, aggregates, bounded contexts. Improves maintainability and team autonomy. Critical for complex enterprise application design.
Which database feature enables automatic failover and high availability across multiple nodes?
- Replication
- Sharding
- Indexing
- Caching
Answer: Replication
Replication maintains copies of data across nodes for fault tolerance and read scalability. Synchronous (strong consistency) vs asynchronous (eventual consistency). Critical for resilient database design.
Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) standards enable deterministic, low-latency communication for industrial IoT.
- True
- False
Answer: True
TSN (IEEE 802.1) extends Ethernet for real-time control: time synchronization, traffic shaping, redundancy. Critical for Industry 4.0, autonomous vehicles, and critical infrastructure.
Which program supports student innovation through grants and mentorship in educational institutions?
- KAPILA
- Innovation Ambassador
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
KAPILA (Knowledge Assessment and Processing for Innovation and IPR Literacy Awareness) and Innovation Ambassador program build IP culture in HEIs. Critical for academic innovation questions.
The initiative that provides digital infrastructure for land records modernization is called Digital India Land Records ________.
Answer: Modernisation Programme / DILRMP
DILRMP digitizes land records, integrates with Aadhaar, enables online mutation, and reduces disputes. Critical for property rights, credit access, and governance transparency.
Confidential Computing protects data in use by processing it in hardware-based trusted execution environments.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Confidential Computing (Intel SGX, AMD SEV) encrypts data in memory during processing, protecting from OS/hypervisor attacks. Critical for multi-tenant cloud and privacy-sensitive workloads.
Which framework provides guidelines for managing third-party cyber risk in supply chains?
- NIST SP 800-161
- ISO 27036
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
NIST SP 800-161 and ISO 27036 provide frameworks for supply chain risk management: vendor assessment, contract clauses, continuous monitoring. Critical for third-party risk governance questions.
The concept of digital public goods refers to open-source software, open data, and open standards that serve the ________.
Answer: Public Interest / Common Good
Digital Public Goods (UN definition) are open solutions addressing SDGs: health, education, finance. India contributes: MOSIP (identity), Sunbird (education), DIVOC (vaccination). Critical for global development questions.
Which certification validates expertise in project management for technology initiatives?
- PMP
- PRINCE2
- Agile/Scrum
- All of these
Answer: All of these
PMP (PMI) covers traditional project management; PRINCE2 is process-based; Agile/Scrum certifications focus on iterative delivery. All valued for tech project leadership roles.