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Which Indian mission demonstrated in-orbit docking in 2024?
- Gaganyaan-1
- SPADEX
- Aditya-L2
- NISAR
Answer: SPADEX
SPADEX demonstrated autonomous rendezvous and docking in Earth orbit.
Which organization develops global web standards?
- W3C
- IETF
- ISO
- IEEE
Answer: W3C
World Wide Web Consortium develops web standards ensuring interoperability.
Which platform enables citizens to access government services via mobile?
- UMANG
- MyGov
- DigiLocker
- e-Taal
Answer: UMANG
UMANG offers 1,200+ services: Aadhaar, PAN, EPFO, utilities, health.
Which practice ensures ML models are continuously monitored in production?
- CI/CD
- Model Drift Detection
- A/B Testing
- All of these
Answer: All of these
MLOps combines CI/CD, drift detection, A/B testing for production ML.
Which method reduces LLM hallucinations by grounding responses in external knowledge?
- Fine-tuning
- RAG
- Prompt Engineering
- All of these
Answer: RAG
Retrieval-Augmented Generation combines LLMs with external knowledge retrieval.
Which technique enables prediction of future values based on historical data?
- Regression
- Classification
- Time Series Forecasting
- Clustering
Answer: Time Series Forecasting
Time series forecasting models temporal patterns for demand prediction, anomaly detection.
Which storage format is optimized for analytics workloads?
- CSV
- JSON
- Parquet
- Avro
Answer: Parquet
Parquet is columnar storage format optimized for analytics: compression, predicate pushdown.
Which technology enables continuous verification of user identity in Zero Trust?
- Multi-Factor Authentication
- Adaptive Authentication
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
MFA requires multiple authentication factors; adaptive authentication adjusts requirements based on risk context.
Which component enables Transformers to focus on relevant parts of input sequences?
- Attention Mechanism
- Feed-Forward Networks
- Positional Encoding
- Layer Normalization
Answer: Attention Mechanism
Self-attention computes weighted relationships between tokens, enabling context-aware processing. Foundation of Transformer success.
Which metadata management practice enables data discovery and governance in data lakes?
- Data Catalog
- Data Lineage
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
Data catalogs enable discovery; data lineage tracks data flow and transformations. Both critical for data governance.
Which technology enables distributed messaging with high throughput and durability?
- Apache Kafka
- RabbitMQ
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
Kafka excels at high-throughput event streaming; RabbitMQ at flexible routing. Both enable event-driven architectures.
Which technique analyzes malware behavior in isolated environments?
- Static Analysis
- Dynamic Analysis
- Sandboxing
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Malware analysis combines: static (code inspection), dynamic (runtime behavior), sandboxing (isolated execution).
Which service provides managed secrets management for cloud applications?
- AWS Secrets Manager
- Azure Key Vault
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
Managed secrets managers store, rotate, and control access to credentials, API keys, certificates. Critical for secure cloud applications.
Which technology enables continuous verification of device health in Zero Trust?
- Endpoint Detection and Response
- Device Posture Assessment
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
EDR monitors endpoint behavior; device posture assesses security configuration. Both enable continuous verification in Zero Trust.
Which Indian initiative provides a unified interface for citizens to access government services?
- UMANG
- MyGov
- DigiLocker
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Digital India ecosystem: UMANG for service delivery, MyGov for citizen engagement, DigiLocker for documents.
Which architecture forms the foundation of modern Large Language Models?
- CNN
- RNN
- Transformer
- LSTM
Answer: Transformer
Transformer architecture uses self-attention mechanisms to process sequences in parallel, enabling scaling to billions of parameters.
Which storage format is optimized for analytics workloads with columnar access?
- CSV
- JSON
- Parquet
- Avro
Answer: Parquet
Parquet is columnar storage format optimized for analytics: efficient compression, predicate pushdown, schema evolution.
Which technology enables distributed stream processing with exactly-once semantics?
- Apache Kafka
- Apache Flink
- Apache Spark Streaming
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Kafka (messaging), Flink (stream processing), Spark Streaming (micro-batch) enable real-time analytics with varying consistency guarantees.
Which framework standardizes threat information sharing using structured formats?
- STIX/TAXII
- MITRE ATT&CK
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
STIX/TAXII standardizes threat data exchange; MITRE ATT&CK catalogs adversary TTPs. Both enable threat-informed defense and collaboration.
Which cloud security model defines shared responsibilities between provider and customer?
- Shared Responsibility Model
- Zero Trust
- Defense in Depth
- Least Privilege
Answer: Shared Responsibility Model
Cloud provider secures infrastructure ('security OF cloud'); customer secures data/apps ('security IN cloud'). Responsibilities vary by service model (IaaS/PaaS/SaaS).