GK Questions

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Showing 1021–1040 of 1339 questions
polity medium fill_blank

The GST Council's decision-making requires a 3/4th majority with weighted votes (Union 1/3, States 2/3), ensuring neither Centre nor States can dominate fiscal policy decisions and forcing ______ on tax rates, exemptions, and thresholds.

  1. unilateral imposition
  2. consensus-building
  3. judicial intervention
  4. executive discretion
polity hard fill_blank

In Davinder Singh case (2024), the Supreme Court held that States can create sub-classifications within SC reservation only if based on ______ data showing backwardness and inadequacy of representation.

  1. anecdotal
  2. quantifiable
  3. political
  4. historical
polity medium fill_blank

Following the Supreme Court's December 2023 judgment on Article 370, the Union Government is required to restore ______ to Jammu and Kashmir and conduct Legislative Assembly elections by September 2024.

  1. full autonomy
  2. Statehood
  3. special status
  4. independence
polity hard fill_blank

For UPSC Mains preparation on recent constitutional developments, aspirants should integrate constitutional text, landmark judgments (2020-2024), legislative amendments, and contemporary applications to craft analytical answers demonstrating ______ understanding of evolving constitutional governance.

  1. rote
  2. integrated
  3. superficial
  4. historical
polity medium fill_blank

Strengthening constitutional culture in India requires not just legal provisions but also civic education to help citizens understand their rights, duties, and the functioning of democratic institutions, as emphasized in initiatives like the ______ programme for voter awareness.

  1. Digital India
  2. SVEEP
  3. Make in India
  4. Swachh Bharat
polity hard fill_blank

Recent constitutional amendments (103rd-106th) primarily focus on enhancing representation and affirmative action for marginalized groups, reflecting the Constitution's adaptive capacity to address evolving ______ demands within democratic framework.

  1. economic
  2. social justice
  3. technological
  4. military
polity medium fill_blank

Under Supreme Court directions in Association for Democratic Reforms case (2002) and subsequent electoral reforms, candidates must file affidavits disclosing criminal cases, assets, liabilities, and educational qualifications with their ______ while contesting elections.

  1. party office
  2. Returning Officer
  3. Election Commission
  4. District Magistrate
polity hard fill_blank

In May 2022, the Supreme Court put on hold the operation of Section 124A IPC (sedition) and directed the Central Government to review the provision. The new criminal law replacing IPC, Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (effective July 2024), ______ the sedition provision.

  1. retains unchanged
  2. modifies with narrower definition
  3. deletes entirely
  4. expands to include more acts
polity medium fill_blank

The GST Council, in its recent meetings (2023-24), has focused on rate rationalization by reducing the number of tax slabs and merging certain categories to simplify compliance, while maintaining the weighted voting mechanism where States collectively hold ______ of total votes.

  1. one-half
  2. two-thirds
  3. three-fourths
  4. one-third
polity medium fill_blank

The 16th Finance Commission was constituted in December 2023 under the chairmanship of ______, with recommendations covering the fiscal period 2026-31.

  1. N.K. Singh
  2. Arvind Panagariya
  3. Raghuram Rajan
  4. Urjit Patel
polity medium fill_blank

The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 establishes a ______ to adjudicate violations, impose penalties, and enforce data protection obligations.

  1. Data Protection Authority
  2. Data Protection Board of India
  3. Privacy Commission
  4. Digital Rights Tribunal
polity medium fill_blank

The Constitution (106th Amendment) Act, 2023 providing 33% reservation for women in legislatures will be implemented after the first census conducted post-enactment and subsequent ______ exercise to redraw constituency boundaries.

  1. election
  2. delimitation
  3. amendment
  4. referendum
polity medium fill_blank

Constitutional Morality recognizes human dignity as foundational to Article 21 (right to life and personal liberty), requiring state action to respect individual autonomy, privacy, and worth — a principle affirmed in cases like ______ (2017) recognizing privacy as intrinsic to dignity and liberty.

  1. Kesavananda Bharati
  2. Puttaswamy
  3. Minerva Mills
  4. SR Bommai
polity hard fill_blank

Constitutional Morality requires that judicial review under Article 13 be calibrated: courts check for constitutional compliance, rationality, and non-arbitrariness, but generally defer to executive wisdom on policy matters unless fundamental rights or basic structure are violated — balancing judicial oversight with respect for ______.

  1. executive discretion
  2. separation of powers
  3. parliamentary sovereignty
  4. all of the above
polity medium fill_blank

Constitutional Morality requires that the right to constitutional remedies under Article 32 be accessible and effective, particularly for marginalized groups — leading to innovations like Public Interest Litigation which relaxed the rule of ______ to enable public-spirited persons to file petitions for enforcement of rights of those unable to approach courts themselves.

  1. stare decisis
  2. locus standi
  3. natural justice
  4. separation of powers
polity medium fill_blank

Constitutional Morality has guided the evolution of Article 14 (equality before law) from formal equality to substantive equality, recognizing that treating unequals equally may perpetuate injustice — requiring affirmative action under Articles ______ to address historical disadvantages.

  1. 15(4) and 16(4)
  2. 19(1) and 21
  3. 32 and 226
  4. 368 and 392
polity medium fill_blank

In Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978), the Supreme Court held that the procedure established by law under Article 21 must be fair, just, and reasonable, importing the concept of ______ due process from comparative constitutional law — a principle Constitutional Morality requires to protect individual dignity against arbitrary state action.

  1. substantive
  2. procedural
  3. economic
  4. political
polity medium fill_blank

Article 13 declares that laws inconsistent with or in derogation of Fundamental Rights shall be void, establishing the Supreme Court's power of ______ to examine constitutionality of legislation and executive action — a power Constitutional Morality requires to be exercised with sensitivity to marginalized groups and transformative goals.

  1. legislative review
  2. judicial review
  3. executive oversight
  4. parliamentary scrutiny
polity easy fill_blank

Article 32, described by Dr. Ambedkar as the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution, empowers the Supreme Court to issue writs for enforcement of Fundamental Rights, making the right to constitutional remedies itself a ______ Right, which Constitutional Morality requires to be accessible and effective.

  1. Legal
  2. Constitutional
  3. Fundamental
  4. Natural
polity medium fill_blank

Constitutional Morality has guided the evolution of Article 14 (equality before law) from formal equality (treating likes alike) to substantive equality (addressing historical disadvantages through affirmative action) through cases like ______ (1992) upholding OBC reservations with creamy layer exclusion.

  1. Kesavananda Bharati
  2. Indra Sawhney
  3. Minerva Mills
  4. SR Bommai