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The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 establishes a ______ to adjudicate violations, impose penalties, and enforce data protection obligations.
- Data Protection Authority
- Data Protection Board of India
- Privacy Commission
- Digital Rights Tribunal
Answer: Data Protection Board of India
DPDP Act, 2023 institutional framework: (a) Data Protection Board of India: Adjudicatory body for: (i) Complaints by individuals, (ii) Violations by data fiduciaries, (iii) Imposition of penalties (up to ₹250 crore), (iv) Directions for compliance, (b) Composition: Chairperson + members with expertise in law, technology, data governance, (c) Independence: Appointed by Central Government but functions independently; decisions subject to judicial review, (d) Current status (2024): Rules under consultation; Board not yet constituted. Illustrates regulatory design: independent adjudication balancing innovation with rights protection.