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The platform that enables online filing of RTI applications and tracking responses is called ________ Portal.
Answer: RTI Online
RTI Online Portal (rtionline.gov.in) enables citizens to file Right to Information applications digitally, pay fees online, and track status. Enhances transparency and accountability in governance.
The concept of technological sovereignty emphasizes reducing dependence on foreign technology through domestic innovation and ________.
Answer: Indigenization / Self-Reliance
Technological sovereignty (Atmanirbhar Bharat) promotes domestic R&D, manufacturing, and standards to reduce strategic dependencies. Critical for understanding India's tech policy and security questions.
The protocol that enables automatic configuration of IPv6 addresses without DHCP is called ________ Address Autoconfiguration.
Answer: SLAAC
SLAAC (Stateless Address Autoconfiguration) uses router advertisements and MAC addresses to generate IPv6 addresses. Reduces management overhead vs DHCPv6. Critical for IPv6 deployment questions.
The security model that assumes breach and verifies every request is called ________ Trust.
Answer: Zero
Zero Trust implements: identity verification, least privilege, micro-segmentation, continuous monitoring. Assumes no implicit trust based on network location. Critical for modern security architecture questions.
The architectural style where components communicate via lightweight HTTP APIs is called ________ Architecture.
Answer: Microservices / RESTful
Microservices decompose applications into independent services communicating via REST/HTTP APIs. Enables independent deployment, scaling, and technology diversity. Critical for modern cloud-native development questions.
The certification that validates expertise in ethical hacking and penetration testing is called Certified ________ Hacker.
Answer: Ethical / CEH
CEH (Certified Ethical Hacker) by EC-Council validates skills in penetration testing, vulnerability assessment, and security tools. Valued for cybersecurity roles in government and enterprise. Critical for security career questions.
The international alliance for developing open 5G/6G standards with interoperable components is called ________ Alliance.
Answer: O-RAN
O-RAN (Open Radio Access Network) Alliance promotes open interfaces, virtualization, and AI in mobile networks. Enables multi-vendor interoperability and innovation. India actively participates for strategic autonomy. Critical for telecom policy questions.
The technology that virtualizes network functions like firewalls and routers on commodity hardware is called Network Functions ________.
Answer: Virtualization / NFV
NFV (Network Functions Virtualization) runs network services as software on standard servers, reducing cost and increasing flexibility vs proprietary hardware. Complements SDN for agile networks. Critical for telecom modernization questions.
The database type optimized for storing and querying high-dimensional vector data for AI applications is called ________ Database.
Answer: Vector
Vector databases (Pinecone, Milvus, Weaviate) store embeddings for similarity search in AI: recommendations, semantic search, RAG. Use approximate nearest neighbor algorithms for scalable retrieval. Critical for AI infrastructure questions.
The cryptographic technique that allows computation on encrypted data without decryption is called ________ Encryption.
Answer: Homomorphic
Homomorphic Encryption enables processing ciphertext, producing encrypted results that decrypt to correct output. Critical for privacy-preserving cloud analytics, secure voting, and confidential AI. Still computationally intensive but advancing.
The digital platform for filing income tax returns in India is called ________.
Answer: e-Filing Portal
Income Tax e-Filing Portal enables online return submission, refund tracking, and compliance services. Integrated with Aadhaar, PAN, and pre-filled data. Critical for digital governance and taxpayer convenience questions.
The government initiative that establishes innovation hubs in educational institutions is called Atal ________ Labs.
Answer: Tinkering
Atal Tinkering Labs (ATL) by NITI Aayog provide makerspaces with tools (3D printers, robotics) for students to innovate. Fosters creativity, problem-solving, and entrepreneurship from school level. Critical for education innovation questions.
The international standard for information security management systems is ISO/IEC ________.
Answer: 27001
ISO/IEC 27001 specifies requirements for establishing, implementing, and maintaining an Information Security Management System (ISMS). Certification demonstrates commitment to security best practices. Critical for enterprise security and compliance questions.
The digital signature service integrated with Aadhaar for legally valid e-signatures is called ________.
Answer: e-Sign / Aadhaar e-KYC
e-Sign enables Aadhaar-based digital signatures for documents, with legal validity under IT Act. Uses OTP/biometric authentication. Eliminates need for physical signatures in government/business processes. Critical for digital transaction and e-governance questions.
The economic model that designs waste out of systems and keeps materials in use is called ________ Economy.
Answer: Circular
Circular Economy minimizes waste through: design for durability, reuse, repair, remanufacturing, and recycling. Contrasts with linear 'take-make-dispose' model. India's Circular Economy Roadmap targets resource efficiency. Critical for sustainable development questions.
The next-generation mobile network standard targeting 2030 deployment with terahertz frequencies is called ________.
Answer: 6G
6G research targets: terahertz spectrum (0.1-10 THz), AI-native networks, integrated sensing-communication, and holographic experiences. India's 6G vision document (2023) outlines research priorities. Critical for understanding telecom evolution roadmap questions.
The AI technique that enables machines to learn from labeled training data is called ________ Learning.
Answer: Supervised
Supervised Learning uses labeled datasets (input-output pairs) to train models for classification or regression. Examples: spam detection, price prediction. Contrasts with unsupervised (pattern discovery) and reinforcement (reward-based) learning. Fundamental for AI/ML exam questions.
The lightweight messaging protocol designed for IoT devices with limited bandwidth is called ________.
Answer: MQTT
MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is a publish-subscribe protocol optimized for low-bandwidth, high-latency IoT networks. Uses minimal overhead, supports QoS levels, and works over TCP/IP. Critical for IoT architecture and industrial automation questions.
The facility where semiconductor wafers are fabricated is called a ________.
Answer: Fab / Foundry
Semiconductor fab (fabrication plant) is ultra-clean facility with photolithography, etching, deposition tools for chip manufacturing. Foundries (TSMC, GlobalFoundries) manufacture for fabless designers. India's semiconductor mission aims to establish domestic fabs.
Materials that can self-heal minor damage without external intervention are called ________ Materials.
Answer: Self-Healing
Self-healing materials incorporate microcapsules, vascular networks, or reversible bonds to autonomously repair cracks/damage. Applications: coatings, composites, electronics. India researches at IITs and CSIR labs. Critical for durability and maintenance reduction questions.