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The CBDC architecture that combines centralized control with distributed validation is called ________ Ledger.
Answer: Permissioned Distributed / Hybrid
Hybrid ledger: central bank controls issuance/monetary policy, distributed nodes validate transactions. Balances sovereignty, resilience, and performance for national digital currency systems.
The technology that uses AI to optimize renewable energy forecasting and grid integration is called ________ Forecasting.
Answer: AI-based / Machine Learning
AI forecasting improves solar/wind power prediction using weather data, historical patterns, real-time sensors. Enables better grid balancing, reduced curtailment, and higher renewable penetration.
The process of extracting oxygen from lunar regolith for life support is called ________ Extraction.
Answer: Oxygen / ISRU
Lunar regolith contains ~40% oxygen by weight. Extraction methods: molten regolith electrolysis, hydrogen reduction. Enables sustainable lunar bases by producing breathable air and rocket oxidizer.
The Indian authority responsible for registering Virtual Asset Service Providers under PMLA is ________.
Answer: FIU-IND
Financial Intelligence Unit-India (FIU-IND) registers and supervises VASPs for AML/CFT compliance. Requires KYC, transaction monitoring, suspicious activity reporting. Critical for crypto regulatory framework.
The distributed ledger technology used in India's CBDC pilot is based on ________ Ledger.
Answer: Permissioned Blockchain / Distributed
e₹ uses permissioned distributed ledger with RBI and partner banks as nodes. Balances decentralization benefits with regulatory control, privacy, and performance requirements. Critical for CBDC architecture understanding.
The CBDC pilot involving major Indian banks for retail transactions is called ________ Pilot.
Answer: e₹ / Digital Rupee
e₹ retail pilot (2022-) involves SBI, ICICI, HDFC, etc., testing P2P/P2M transactions via QR, mobile wallets. Evaluates usability, scalability, integration before nationwide rollout. Critical for digital payment evolution.
The technology that enhances natural carbon sinks through reforestation is called ________ Sequestration.
Answer: Nature-based / Biological
Nature-based solutions: afforestation, soil carbon management, wetland restoration. Provide co-benefits: biodiversity, water regulation, livelihoods. Critical for cost-effective climate mitigation and adaptation.
The international agreement establishing principles for lunar exploration signed by India is called ________ Accords.
Answer: Artemis
Artemis Accords (2020) establish principles for peaceful, transparent lunar cooperation: interoperability, emergency assistance, resource utilization. India signed in 2023, aligning with space diplomacy goals.
The cryptographic technique enabling verification of transactions without revealing sender/receiver is called Zero-________ Proofs.
Answer: Knowledge
Zero-Knowledge Proofs enable proving transaction validity without revealing parties or amounts. Critical for privacy-preserving CBDC and crypto systems while maintaining auditability for regulators.
The FATF recommendation requiring VASPs to share transaction originator/beneficiary information is called the ________ Rule.
Answer: Travel
Travel Rule (FATF Recommendation 16) requires VASPs to transmit sender/receiver information for crypto transactions above threshold. Implemented via protocols like IVMS101. Critical for cross-border AML compliance.
The pilot phase of India's wholesale CBDC focuses on ________ market settlements.
Answer: Government Securities / G-Sec
e₹-W pilot tests real-time gross settlement of government securities transactions between banks and financial institutions. Aims to improve efficiency, reduce counterparty risk, and enable new financial products.
The technology that converts CO2 into useful products like fuels or chemicals is called Carbon ________.
Answer: Utilization / CCU
CCU (Carbon Capture and Utilization) transforms captured CO2 into products: synthetic fuels, plastics, concrete, chemicals. Creates economic value while reducing emissions. India researching CCU pathways under climate innovation.
The practice of designing software to minimize energy consumption is called ________ Programming.
Answer: Green / Energy-Efficient
Green programming optimizes algorithms, data structures, and code execution for lower CPU/memory usage, reducing energy footprint. Critical for sustainable software development and large-scale systems.
The process of using lunar resources for construction and manufacturing is called In-________ Resource Utilization.
Answer: Situ / ISRU
ISRU extracts and processes lunar materials (regolith, water ice) for construction, life support, and propellant production. Critical for sustainable lunar bases and deep space exploration economics.
The technique of dynamically allocating bandwidth based on demand in satellite networks is called ________ Access.
Answer: Demand Assigned Multiple / DAMA
DAMA allocates satellite channels dynamically based on user demand, improving spectrum efficiency vs fixed allocation. Critical for cost-effective broadband services, especially in variable traffic scenarios.
The Indian satellite series dedicated to Earth observation and remote sensing is called ________.
Answer: CARTOSAT / EOS
CARTOSAT series provides high-resolution imagery for cartography, urban planning, and strategic applications. EOS (Earth Observation Satellite) series focuses on climate, agriculture, and disaster monitoring. Critical for geospatial technology questions.
The technique of using multiple frequency bands to increase satellite network capacity is called ________ Reuse.
Answer: Frequency
Frequency reuse assigns same frequencies to non-interfering beams/regions, multiplying network capacity. Critical for high-throughput satellites and LEO constellations serving global broadband.
The process of documenting AI system decisions for audit and review is called AI ________.
Answer: Logging / Audit Trail
AI logging records inputs, model versions, predictions, and outcomes for accountability, debugging, and regulatory compliance. Critical for high-stakes applications: finance, healthcare, criminal justice.
The blockchain consensus mechanism that selects validators based on staked cryptocurrency is called Proof of ________.
Answer: Stake
Proof of Stake selects block validators proportional to staked coins, reducing energy consumption vs Proof of Work. Used by Ethereum, Cardano, Solana. Critical for understanding crypto sustainability.
The CBDC feature that allows transactions without internet connectivity is called ________ Mode.
Answer: Offline
Offline CBDC uses secure hardware (SE, TEE) to enable limited transactions without network. Critical for rural inclusion, disaster resilience, and areas with poor connectivity. Requires careful security design.