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Quantum error correction requires encoding logical qubits across multiple physical qubits to detect and correct errors.
- True
- False
Answer: True
QEC codes (surface code, Shor code) protect quantum information from decoherence and noise. Critical for fault-tolerant quantum computing but requires significant qubit overhead.
The principle of accountability requires organizations to demonstrate compliance with data protection regulations.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Accountability (GDPR Article 5, DPDP Act Section 8) requires documented policies, training, audits, and breach response procedures. Critical for regulatory compliance.
Model extraction attacks reconstruct proprietary ML models by querying prediction APIs.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Model extraction queries API to infer model architecture/parameters, enabling intellectual property theft or adversarial example generation. Mitigation: query rate limiting, output perturbation.
Cloud Workload Protection Platforms (CWPP) secure workloads across multi-cloud and hybrid environments.
- True
- False
Answer: True
CWPP provides unified security for VMs, containers, serverless across AWS, Azure, GCP, on-premises. Critical for consistent security posture in hybrid cloud.
Continuous authentication in Zero Trust requires re-verifying user identity throughout a session based on risk context.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Continuous authentication adjusts verification requirements based on behavioral analytics, device posture, location, and other risk signals. Critical for Zero Trust security posture.
The technique that splits data into training and testing sets while preserving class distribution is called Stratified Sampling.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Stratified sampling maintains class proportions in train/test splits, critical for imbalanced classification.
Network segmentation limits blast radius of security incidents in Zero Trust architectures.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Micro-segmentation creates granular security zones, containing breaches and limiting attacker movement.
The principle of data minimization requires collecting only necessary personal information for specified purposes.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Data minimization limits collection to what's necessary for specified purpose. Reduces privacy risks, storage costs, breach impact.
Defensive distillation smooths model outputs to reduce sensitivity to adversarial perturbations.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Defensive distillation trains a student model to mimic a teacher's softened outputs, reducing gradient magnitudes and adversarial vulnerability.
Identity and Access Management (IAM) is critical for enforcing least privilege in Zero Trust architectures.
- True
- False
Answer: True
IAM systems manage user identities, authentication, authorization. Critical for implementing least privilege access controls in Zero Trust.
India's semiconductor mission aims to establish domestic fabrication capabilities for strategic autonomy.
- True
- False
Answer: True
India Semiconductor Mission implements ₹76,000 crore incentive scheme for fabs, display fabs, ATMP, design. Partnerships with global players announced.
Quantum error correction requires multiple physical qubits to encode a single logical qubit.
- True
- False
Answer: True
QEC codes (surface code, Shor code) encode logical qubits across many physical qubits to detect/correct errors. Critical for fault-tolerant quantum computing.
The Right to Data Portability allows individuals to receive their personal data in a structured, commonly used format.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Right to Portability (GDPR Article 20) enables individuals to obtain and reuse personal data across services. Promotes competition and user control.
Membership inference attacks determine whether specific individuals were in a model's training dataset.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Membership inference exploits model confidence to infer training data membership. Mitigation: differential privacy, regularization, output perturbation.
Runtime security monitoring detects anomalous behavior in running containers and Kubernetes workloads.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Runtime security (Falco, Tetragon) monitors system calls, network activity, file access in real-time to detect threats in containerized environments.
Software-Defined Perimeter (SDP) implements Zero Trust by hiding infrastructure until authentication is complete.
- True
- False
Answer: True
SDP creates dynamic, identity-based perimeters: resources invisible until user/device authenticated and authorized. Critical for reducing attack surface.
The Digital India Act proposal includes provisions for regulating algorithmic transparency and platform accountability.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Digital India Act aims to address: platform accountability, user rights, emerging tech governance, algorithmic transparency. Complements DPDP Act and IT Rules.
India's UPI system processed over 10 billion transactions monthly in 2026, making it the world's largest real-time payment system.
- True
- False
Answer: True
UPI's success driven by interoperability, zero MDR, and innovation. Inspired similar systems globally: Singapore PayNow, UAE, France discussions.
Quantum Key Distribution provides information-theoretic security based on quantum physics principles.
- True
- False
Answer: True
QKD uses no-cloning theorem and measurement disturbance to detect eavesdropping. Provides provable security unlike computational security of classical cryptography.
The Right to be Forgotten allows individuals to request deletion of their personal data under GDPR.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Right to Erasure (Article 17 GDPR) allows individuals to request deletion when data is no longer necessary, consent withdrawn, or processing unlawful. Critical privacy right.