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Soil Health Cards provide farmers with crop-specific nutrient recommendations based on soil testing.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Soil Health Card scheme issues cards every 3 years with soil nutrient status and fertilizer recommendations for specific crops. Promotes balanced fertilizer use, reduces input costs, and improves soil health. Integrated with digital platforms for wider reach. Critical for agricultural policy and technology questions.
DIKSHA is a national platform for school education content and teacher training under NEP 2020.
- True
- False
Answer: True
DIKSHA (Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing) is a unified platform by Ministry of Education offering e-content, QR-coded textbooks, teacher training modules, and assessment tools. Supports multilingual access and offline usage. Critical component of NEP 2020's technology-enabled education transformation.
The Agni-P missile is a two-stage solid-fueled ballistic missile with MIRV capability.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Agni-P (Prime) is a new-generation ballistic missile with 1,000-2,000 km range, two solid-propellant stages, canister-launched, and equipped with MIRV (Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicle) technology. Enhances India's credible minimum deterrence. Critical for defense and strategic studies questions.
A stack data structure can be implemented using an array or a linked list.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Stacks can be implemented with arrays (fixed size, O(1) access) or linked lists (dynamic size, O(1) push/pop at head). Choice depends on requirements: arrays are cache-friendly; linked lists avoid overflow. Understanding implementation trade-offs is important for data structure design questions.
The DPDP Act 2023 applies to processing of personal data outside India if it involves profiling of individuals in India.
- True
- False
Answer: True
DPDP Act has extraterritorial application: it governs processing of digital personal data (1) within India, and (2) outside India if it relates to offering goods/services or profiling individuals in India. Aligns with GDPR's approach. Critical for multinational compliance and data sovereignty questions.
Energy-efficient buildings in India are certified under the GRIHA rating system.
- True
- False
Answer: True
GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) is India's national rating system for green buildings, developed by TERI and Ministry of New & Renewable Energy. Evaluates energy/water efficiency, waste management, and sustainable materials. LEED is an international alternative. Important for sustainable development questions.
In Linux, the sudo command allows authorized users to execute commands with superuser privileges.
- True
- False
Answer: True
sudo (superuser do) grants temporary elevated privileges to authorized users as defined in /etc/sudoers. Promotes least-privilege security model by avoiding persistent root login. Users authenticate with their own password. Critical concept for secure system administration in technical exams.
CSS Flexbox is designed for one-dimensional layouts (either row or column).
- True
- False
Answer: True
Flexbox handles one-dimensional layouts: arrange items in a row OR column with flexible sizing, alignment, and order. CSS Grid handles two-dimensional layouts (rows AND columns). Both are modern layout systems replacing floats/positioning. Understanding their use cases is important for responsive design questions.
Hash tables provide average-case O(1) time complexity for search, insert, and delete operations.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Hash tables use hash functions to map keys to array indices, enabling average O(1) operations. Worst-case O(n) occurs with many collisions (resolved via chaining/open addressing). Load factor and good hash functions maintain performance. Critical data structure for efficient lookups in real-world applications and exams.
Under the IT Act 2000, intermediaries like social media platforms are liable for third-party content they host.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Section 79 of IT Act provides safe harbor to intermediaries if they: (1) only provide access, (2) don't initiate/modify transmission, (3) observe due diligence and remove content upon actual knowledge. IT Rules 2021 add grievance redressal and traceability requirements. Critical for understanding platform liability.
Green hydrogen is produced by electrolysis of water using renewable electricity.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Green hydrogen is produced via water electrolysis powered by renewable energy (solar, wind), resulting in zero-carbon fuel. Contrasts with grey hydrogen (from fossil fuels) and blue hydrogen (fossil fuels + carbon capture). India's National Green Hydrogen Mission aims to make India a global hub for production and export.
In Linux, the kill command always terminates a process immediately.
- True
- False
Answer: False
kill sends signals to processes; default is SIGTERM (15) which requests graceful termination, allowing cleanup. SIGKILL (9) forces immediate termination but doesn't allow cleanup. Processes can ignore or handle signals. Understanding process signals is important for system administration questions.
JavaScript is primarily executed on the server-side in web applications.
- True
- False
Answer: False
JavaScript was designed for client-side execution in web browsers to enable interactive web pages. Server-side JavaScript (Node.js) is possible but not the primary use case. Understanding client-server architecture is fundamental for web technology questions in SSC and banking exams.
A binary search tree guarantees O(log n) search time even if elements are inserted in sorted order.
- True
- False
Answer: False
A standard BST degenerates to a linked list (O(n) search) if elements are inserted in sorted order. Balanced BSTs (AVL, Red-Black) maintain O(log n) by self-balancing after insertions/deletions. Understanding tree balancing is crucial for algorithm questions in SSC JE and banking IT exams.
Section 66A of the IT Act 2000, which dealt with offensive online messages, is currently enforceable in India.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Section 66A was struck down by the Supreme Court in Shreya Singhal v. Union of India (2015) for violating freedom of speech. It criminalized 'offensive' online content but was overly broad. Current IT Act provisions focus on cybercrime, data protection, and intermediary liability. Important for legal awareness in government exams.
In Linux, the root user has unrestricted access to all files and commands on the system.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Root (superuser) in Linux has UID 0 and bypasses all permission checks, allowing full system control. This power requires careful usage to avoid security risks. Best practice: use sudo for specific administrative tasks instead of logging in as root. Critical concept for system administration questions in technical exams.
InsurTech startups in India can directly underwrite insurance policies without IRDAI registration.
- True
- False
Answer: False
IRDAI regulations require any entity underwriting insurance policies to be a registered insurer or corporate agent. InsurTech startups typically partner with licensed insurers as technology providers, aggregators, or distribution partners. Regulatory sandbox allows testing innovations, but core risk-bearing activities remain with regulated entities to protect policyholders.
The concept of 'algorithmic accountability' requires organizations to document and justify AI decision-making processes.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Algorithmic accountability mandates transparency in AI systems: documenting data sources, model design, testing results, and decision logic. Enables auditing, bias detection, and redressal. Supported by DPDP Act, sectoral guidelines, and global frameworks. Critical for high-stakes AI in finance, healthcare, and governance where decisions impact rights and opportunities.
In Python, lists are mutable while tuples are immutable.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Lists ([]) can be modified after creation: append, remove, change elements. Tuples (()) cannot be changed once created, making them hashable and usable as dictionary keys. Immutability provides safety for fixed data, while mutability offers flexibility for dynamic collections. Choosing appropriately improves code correctness and performance.
A Zener diode is primarily used for voltage regulation in electronic circuits.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Zener diode operates in reverse breakdown region to maintain constant voltage across load despite input variations or load changes. Used in voltage regulators, reference circuits, and overvoltage protection. Key parameter: Zener voltage (Vz). Different from regular diodes which block reverse current until breakdown (which may damage them).