Technology – Medium Level – GK Questions

Answer: All of these

Startup India ecosystem integrates: Hub for resources and networking, DPIIT recognition for benefits, and NITI Aayog for policy guidance. Supports innovation, job creation, and global competitiveness. Critical for entrepreneurship and economic development questions.

Answer: Eye Tracking

Eye tracking systems use cameras and AI to detect gaze direction, enabling cursor control, selection, and typing via eye movements. Integrated into assistive devices and mainstream OS (Windows Eye Control, iOS AssistiveTouch). Critical for inclusive design and assistive technology questions.

Answer: True

NDMA leverages geospatial technologies: satellite imagery for hazard mapping, GIS for vulnerability assessment, and GPS for field data collection. Integrated with state SDMA systems for coordinated response. Critical for evidence-based disaster risk reduction and infrastructure planning questions.

Answer: China

China leads in 5G subscribers (~800 million) due to early deployment, affordable devices, and government support. India ranks second in growth rate with ~300 million subscribers (2026). Critical for understanding global telecom dynamics and India's digital transformation trajectory.

Answer: FAME

FAME (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles) India Phase-II (2019-2024) provides demand incentives for EVs and charging infrastructure. Focus on public transport, shared mobility, and fleet electrification. Extended with updated policies to accelerate transition to sustainable mobility. Critical for green technology questions.

Answer: True

RPwD Act 2016 (Section 42) requires government and private entities to ensure websites, apps, and digital services are accessible per prescribed standards. Implemented via GIGW 3.0, WCAG compliance, and audits. Critical for legal framework of digital inclusion and disability rights questions.

Answer: CARTOSAT

CARTOSAT series (ISRO) provides sub-meter resolution optical imagery for mapping, urban planning, and disaster monitoring. Post-disaster, rapid tasking enables damage assessment for relief planning. Integrated with Bhuvan portal for visualization. Critical for geospatial technology and disaster management questions.

Answer: OECD / UNESCO

OECD AI Principles (2019) and UNESCO Recommendation on AI Ethics (2021) provide international frameworks for trustworthy AI: human rights, transparency, accountability, and sustainability. India actively participates in shaping global norms while developing domestic policies. Critical for AI governance questions.

Answer: Gaganyaan

Gaganyaan is ISRO's human spaceflight program to send 3-4 astronauts to ~400 km orbit for 3-7 days. Includes crew module, service module, life support, and crew escape system. Multiple uncrewed test flights precede crewed mission. Represents milestone in India's space capabilities and technological self-reliance.

Answer: Computer Vision + AI

Sign language recognition uses computer vision (pose estimation, hand tracking) and deep learning to interpret gestures and translate to text/speech. Pilots by IITs and startups for inclusive communication. Challenges: regional sign language variations and real-time accuracy. Critical for assistive technology questions.

Answer: NDMA App / Disaster Alert

NDMA and state SDMAs operate mobile apps providing real-time alerts for cyclones, floods, earthquakes, and heatwaves. Features: GPS-based warnings, emergency contacts, preparedness checklists, and crowd-sourced damage reporting. Critical for last-mile communication and community resilience questions.

Answer: AI/ML Software Development

India ranks among top countries in AI research publications, skilled workforce (IITs, NITs), and AI startups (1000+). Strengths in software, data services, and frugal innovation. Gaps remain in hardware, foundational research, and compute infrastructure. Critical for understanding India's tech competitiveness questions.

Answer: False

DPDP Act 2023 received assent in August 2023 but provisions are being notified in phases. Rules for Data Protection Board, compliance requirements, and transitional arrangements are being finalized. Organizations must prepare for consent management, data principal rights, and breach reporting. Critical for legal compliance questions.

Answer: GIGW

GIGW (Guidelines for Indian Government Websites) 3.0 mandates WCAG 2.1 AA compliance for accessibility: keyboard navigation, alt text, color contrast, ARIA labels. Audited by NIC and MeitY. Ensures inclusive access to e-governance services for persons with disabilities. Critical for digital governance and compliance questions.

Answer: All of these

Flood forecasting integrates: hydrological models (rainfall-runoff simulation), weather radar (precipitation estimation), satellite altimetry (river levels), and IoT sensors (real-time gauges). CWC and IMD operate systems for major river basins. Critical for early warning and disaster risk reduction questions.

Answer: True

UPI's success (11+ billion monthly transactions) has led to international adoption: Singapore's PayNow-UPI linkage, UAE's integration, and discussions with France, UK, and others. NPCI International promotes UPI-like systems globally. Represents India's leadership in digital public infrastructure and fintech innovation.

Answer: PM-WANI

PM-WANI (Prime Minister's Wi-Fi Access Network Interface) enables public Wi-Fi hotspots via PDOs (Public Data Offices) using satellite/fiber backhaul. Aims to provide affordable internet access in rural/remote areas for education, telemedicine, and e-governance. Part of Digital India's connectivity pillar.

Answer: Live Caption

Live Caption (Android/iOS) uses on-device AI to generate real-time captions for any audio (calls, videos, podcasts), aiding hearing-impaired users. Works offline for privacy. Part of broader accessibility suite: screen readers, color correction, switch access. Critical for inclusive design and digital empowerment questions.

Answer: True

ITEWC (under INCOIS) operates seismic stations, bottom pressure recorders (tsunameters), and tide gauges to detect earthquakes and tsunami waves in Indian Ocean. Issues alerts within minutes to coastal authorities. Integrated with global warning systems. Critical for disaster preparedness and ocean technology questions.

Answer: Taiwan

Taiwan (TSMC) holds ~60% of global semiconductor foundry market and ~90% of advanced nodes (<7nm). Strategic importance drives global efforts (US CHIPS Act, India Semiconductor Mission) to diversify supply chains. Critical for understanding geopolitics of technology and supply chain resilience questions.