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6G research aims to achieve terahertz frequency bands and sub-millisecond latency for holographic communications.
- True
- False
Answer: True
6G (expected ~2030) targets: terahertz spectrum (0.1-10 THz) for ultra-high bandwidth, AI-native networks, integrated sensing-communication, and holographic/immersive experiences. India's 6G vision document (2023) outlines research priorities. Critical for understanding next-generation telecom evolution questions.
Which technology enables sign language recognition for real-time translation in video calls?
- OCR
- Computer Vision + AI
- Speech Recognition
- Natural Language Processing
Answer: Computer Vision + AI
Sign language recognition uses computer vision (pose estimation, hand tracking) and deep learning to interpret gestures and translate to text/speech. Pilots by IITs and startups for inclusive communication. Challenges: regional sign language variations and real-time accuracy. Critical for assistive technology questions.
The mobile app that provides location-based disaster alerts and safety tips to citizens is called ________.
Answer: NDMA App / Disaster Alert
NDMA and state SDMAs operate mobile apps providing real-time alerts for cyclones, floods, earthquakes, and heatwaves. Features: GPS-based warnings, emergency contacts, preparedness checklists, and crowd-sourced damage reporting. Critical for last-mile communication and community resilience questions.
Which technology area sees India among global leaders in terms of talent pool and startup ecosystem?
- Semiconductor Manufacturing
- AI/ML Software Development
- Quantum Hardware
- Aerospace Engineering
Answer: AI/ML Software Development
India ranks among top countries in AI research publications, skilled workforce (IITs, NITs), and AI startups (1000+). Strengths in software, data services, and frugal innovation. Gaps remain in hardware, foundational research, and compute infrastructure. Critical for understanding India's tech competitiveness questions.
The Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act 2023 came into full force immediately after presidential assent.
- True
- False
Answer: False
DPDP Act 2023 received assent in August 2023 but provisions are being notified in phases. Rules for Data Protection Board, compliance requirements, and transitional arrangements are being finalized. Organizations must prepare for consent management, data principal rights, and breach reporting. Critical for legal compliance questions.
Which technology enables secure communication using quantum key distribution over fiber networks?
- 5G Encryption
- QKD
- Blockchain
- Homomorphic Encryption
Answer: QKD
QKD (Quantum Key Distribution) uses quantum physics principles to generate and share encryption keys with provable security. Deployed in limited metro networks (e.g., DRDO's QKD link). Challenges: distance limits, cost, and integration with existing infrastructure. Critical for future-proof cybersecurity questions.
The Indian standard for web accessibility that government websites must follow is called ________ 3.0.
Answer: GIGW
GIGW (Guidelines for Indian Government Websites) 3.0 mandates WCAG 2.1 AA compliance for accessibility: keyboard navigation, alt text, color contrast, ARIA labels. Audited by NIC and MeitY. Ensures inclusive access to e-governance services for persons with disabilities. Critical for digital governance and compliance questions.
Which technology enables real-time flood forecasting using rainfall data and river gauge measurements?
- Hydrological Modeling
- Weather Radar
- Satellite Altimetry
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Flood forecasting integrates: hydrological models (rainfall-runoff simulation), weather radar (precipitation estimation), satellite altimetry (river levels), and IoT sensors (real-time gauges). CWC and IMD operate systems for major river basins. Critical for early warning and disaster risk reduction questions.
India's UPI system has inspired similar real-time payment frameworks in countries like Singapore, UAE, and France.
- True
- False
Answer: True
UPI's success (11+ billion monthly transactions) has led to international adoption: Singapore's PayNow-UPI linkage, UAE's integration, and discussions with France, UK, and others. NPCI International promotes UPI-like systems globally. Represents India's leadership in digital public infrastructure and fintech innovation.
Which Indian initiative provides free high-speed internet to students in rural areas via satellite?
- BharatNet
- PM-WANI
- Digital Sky
- OneWeb India
Answer: PM-WANI
PM-WANI (Prime Minister's Wi-Fi Access Network Interface) enables public Wi-Fi hotspots via PDOs (Public Data Offices) using satellite/fiber backhaul. Aims to provide affordable internet access in rural/remote areas for education, telemedicine, and e-governance. Part of Digital India's connectivity pillar.
The technology that uses biological molecules like DNA for data storage is called ________ Computing.
Answer: Bio-molecular / DNA
DNA data storage encodes digital information into synthetic DNA strands, offering extreme density (exabytes/gram) and longevity (thousands of years). Challenges: slow read/write speeds and high costs. Research by Microsoft, IITs, and startups. Represents convergence of biology and information technology for archival storage.
Which feature in smartphones helps hearing-impaired users by converting speech to text in real-time?
- Voice Assistant
- Live Caption
- Haptic Feedback
- Magnifier
Answer: Live Caption
Live Caption (Android/iOS) uses on-device AI to generate real-time captions for any audio (calls, videos, podcasts), aiding hearing-impaired users. Works offline for privacy. Part of broader accessibility suite: screen readers, color correction, switch access. Critical for inclusive design and digital empowerment questions.
The Indian Tsunami Early Warning Centre (ITEWC) uses seismic sensors and buoy networks for real-time tsunami detection.
- True
- False
Answer: True
ITEWC (under INCOIS) operates seismic stations, bottom pressure recorders (tsunameters), and tide gauges to detect earthquakes and tsunami waves in Indian Ocean. Issues alerts within minutes to coastal authorities. Integrated with global warning systems. Critical for disaster preparedness and ocean technology questions.
Which country leads in global semiconductor manufacturing capacity as of 2026?
- USA
- South Korea
- Taiwan
- India
Answer: Taiwan
Taiwan (TSMC) holds ~60% of global semiconductor foundry market and ~90% of advanced nodes (<7nm). Strategic importance drives global efforts (US CHIPS Act, India Semiconductor Mission) to diversify supply chains. Critical for understanding geopolitics of technology and supply chain resilience questions.
The Indian government's policy framework for responsible AI development is called National Strategy for ________.
Answer: Artificial Intelligence / #AIforAll
#AIforAll strategy (NITI Aayog, 2018) focuses on leveraging AI for inclusive growth across healthcare, agriculture, education, smart cities, and mobility. Emphasizes research, skilling, data governance, and ethical principles. Updated frameworks address generative AI, data protection, and global cooperation. Critical for AI policy questions.
Which emerging computing paradigm processes data near the source to reduce latency for IoT applications?
- Cloud Computing
- Fog Computing
- Quantum Computing
- Bio-computing
Answer: Fog Computing
Fog Computing extends cloud capabilities to network edge (routers, gateways), enabling real-time processing for IoT, autonomous vehicles, and industrial automation. Reduces latency, bandwidth usage, and enhances privacy. Complements cloud (centralized) and edge (device-level) computing. Critical for distributed systems questions.
The Accessible India Campaign (Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan) mandates digital accessibility standards for government websites.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan implements Guidelines for Indian Government Websites (GIGW) 3.0, aligned with WCAG 2.1, ensuring websites/apps are perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust for persons with disabilities. Critical for inclusive digital governance and compliance with Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016.
Which technology uses satellite imagery and AI to assess damage after natural disasters?
- GIS Mapping
- Remote Sensing + AI
- Drone Survey
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Post-disaster assessment combines: satellite/drone imagery for wide-area coverage, AI for automated damage detection (buildings, roads), and GIS for spatial analysis and resource allocation. Used by NDMA, ISRO, and state agencies for rapid response. Critical for disaster management and geospatial technology questions.
The global alliance for developing open 5G/6G network standards with interoperable components is called ________ Alliance.
Answer: O-RAN
O-RAN (Open Radio Access Network) Alliance promotes open interfaces, virtualization, and AI-driven optimization in mobile networks. Enables multi-vendor interoperability, innovation, and cost reduction. India actively participates to build indigenous 5G/6G ecosystem. Critical for telecom policy and technology sovereignty questions.
Which initiative launched in 2024 aims to develop indigenous semiconductor manufacturing in India?
- India Semiconductor Mission
- Make in India 2.0
- Digital India Bhashini
- National AI Strategy
Answer: India Semiconductor Mission
India Semiconductor Mission (under MeitY) implements ₹76,000 crore incentive scheme for semiconductor fabs, display fabs, and design ecosystem. Partnerships with global players (TSMC, Micron) announced. Critical for reducing import dependence and building strategic technology self-reliance. Important for industrial policy questions.