Technology – Fill in the Blank – GK Questions

Q: The technology that uses algorithms to recommend products based on user behavior is called ________ Filtering.

Collaborative – Collaborative Filtering recommends items by analyzing patterns from similar users (user-based) or similar items (item-based). Used by Amazon, Netflix, Spotify. Hybrid systems combine with content-based filtering. Privacy-preserving techniques like federated learning are emerging to protect user data while personalizing recommendations.

Q: The initiative that provides affordable internet data to rural students for online education is called ________.

PM-WANI / BharatNet – PM-WANI enables public Wi-Fi hotspots via PDOs for affordable internet access. BharatNet provides fiber backbone to gram panchayats. Combined, they support digital education initiatives like DIKSHA, SWAYAM, and e-Pathshala, bridging the digital divide for rural students during remote learning.

Q: The technique of sending data packets through multiple paths to optimize network performance is called ________ Routing.

Dynamic – Dynamic Routing protocols (OSPF, BGP, EIGRP) automatically adjust paths based on network topology changes, congestion, or failures. Unlike static routing (manually configured), dynamic routing scales for large networks and provides redundancy. Essential for internet backbone and enterprise WANs.

Q: The process of dividing a disk into logical sections for separate management is called ________.

Partitioning – Partitioning divides a physical disk into logical sections (partitions) that can be formatted with different file systems, used for multiple OS installations, or separate data organization. Tools: Disk Management (Windows), fdisk/gparted (Linux). Enables better organization, security, and recovery strategies.

Q: A security model that defines how subjects access objects in a system is called ________ Model.

Access Control – Access Control Models define policies for subject-object interactions: DAC (owner-controlled), MAC (system-enforced labels), RBAC (role-based permissions), ABAC (attribute-based rules). Critical for enforcing least privilege and compliance in enterprise systems. Implemented via IAM solutions and directory services.

Q: The technology that uses drones for delivering packages in remote areas is part of ________ Logistics.

Drone – Drone Logistics uses unmanned aerial vehicles for last-mile delivery, especially in remote/hilly areas with poor road connectivity. India's Drone Rules 2021 facilitate commercial drone operations. Applications: medical supplies, e-commerce, agriculture spraying. Requires airspace management and safety protocols.

Q: The platform that enables farmers to sell produce directly to buyers at transparent prices is called ________.

e-NAM – e-NAM (Electronic National Agriculture Market) is an online trading platform connecting APMC mandis across India. Enables transparent price discovery, wider market access, and reduced intermediation for farmers. Integrated with quality assaying, payment settlement, and logistics services for efficient agricultural trade.

Q: The protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses to devices on a network is called ________.

DHCP – DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) automatically assigns IP addresses, subnet masks, gateway, and DNS settings to devices joining a network. Eliminates manual configuration errors and simplifies network management. Uses DORA process: Discover, Offer, Request, Acknowledge.

Q: The technology that uses light pulses to transmit data through thin glass fibers is called ________ Communication.

Optical Fiber – Optical Fiber Communication transmits data as light pulses through glass/plastic fibers, offering high bandwidth, low attenuation, and immunity to electromagnetic interference. Backbone of modern internet, undersea cables, and BharatNet. Enables high-speed broadband, 5G backhaul, and data center interconnects.

Q: The technology that allows a single physical server to run multiple isolated operating systems is called ________.

Virtualization – Virtualization uses hypervisor software to create multiple virtual machines (VMs) on one physical server, each running independent OS. Improves resource utilization, enables testing, disaster recovery, and cloud infrastructure. Types: full virtualization, para-virtualization, containerization (Docker).