Polity – GK Questions

Free practice for SSC, UPSC, Banking & Railway exams. No login required.

Category
Difficulty
Type
Per page
Showing 541–560 of 1709 questions
polity medium fill in the blank upsc - constitutional independence upsc independence frequently asked in upsc and ssc exams

Under Article 315-323, the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is an independent constitutional body whose Chairman and members can be removed only by the ______ on grounds of misbehaviour after Supreme Court inquiry.

  1. Prime Minister
  2. President
  3. Parliament
  4. Chief Justice
polity medium true/false election commission - model code of conduct enforcement mcc enforcement mechanism frequently asked in upsc and ssc exams

The Model Code of Conduct (MCC) for elections is a statutory provision enforceable by courts, and violations can lead to criminal prosecution of candidates/parties.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq election commission - independence safeguards election commission independence critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

Which constitutional provision ensures the independence of the Chief Election Commissioner by making their removal process similar to that of a Supreme Court Judge?

  1. Article 324(5)
  2. Article 329
  3. Article 243K
  4. Article 243ZA
polity hard true/false article 21 - right to health and traditional knowledge protection traditional knowledge protection critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

The Supreme Court has recognized that right to health under Article 21 includes protection of traditional medical knowledge from biopiracy, requiring benefit-sharing with indigenous communities when their knowledge is commercialized.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq article 21 - right to dignity and juvenile justice juvenile justice and dignity critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

In juvenile justice, the Supreme Court has interpreted Article 21 to require rehabilitation over retribution for children in conflict with law. Which principle guides the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 in balancing accountability with child protection?

  1. Punitive deterrence for all offences regardless of age
  2. Best interests of child principle with graduated accountability based on age, maturity, offence severity
  3. Complete immunity from legal consequences for all juvenile offences
  4. Adult trial procedures for all serious offences regardless of age
polity hard fill in the blank article 19 - freedom of expression and hate speech regulation hate speech regulation and proportionality critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

Freedom of expression under Article 19(1)(a) is subject to reasonable restrictions under Article 19(2) for hate speech, and courts apply ______ test to balance free speech with prevention of discrimination, violence against marginalized groups.

  1. Wednesbury
  2. proportionality
  3. rational basis
  4. strict scrutiny
polity medium true/false article 21 - right to health and mental health parity mental health parity and right to health frequently asked in upsc and ssc exams

The Mental Healthcare Act, 2017 requires insurance coverage for mental illness on par with physical illness, operationalizing right to health under Article 21 by ensuring mental health is not treated as secondary to physical health.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq article 21 - right to privacy and workplace surveillance workplace surveillance and proportionality critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

In balancing right to privacy under Article 21 with employer interests, courts apply proportionality test to workplace surveillance. Which surveillance practice would likely FAIL proportionality test?

  1. CCTV in common areas for security with notice to employees
  2. Continuous monitoring of employee emails without legitimate business purpose or notice
  3. Biometric attendance system with data protection safeguards
  4. Performance monitoring software with transparency and employee consent
polity hard fill in the blank article 14 - affirmative action and 50% ceiling exception 50% ceiling exception critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

In Indra Sawhney case (1992), the Supreme Court laid down 50% ceiling on total reservation, but held this ceiling can be exceeded in extraordinary situations reflecting ______ of a particular State or region.

  1. economic prosperity
  2. extraordinary backwardness
  3. political pressure
  4. administrative convenience
polity medium true/false article 21 - right to health and universal health coverage universal health coverage and article 21 frequently asked in upsc and ssc exams

The Ayushman Bharat scheme operationalizes right to health under Article 21 by providing health insurance coverage to economically vulnerable families, reflecting the State's obligation to progressively realize right to health within resource constraints.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq article 21 - right to dignity and death penalty jurisprudence death penalty jurisprudence critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

In death penalty cases, the Supreme Court applies the 'rarest of rare' doctrine and requires consideration of aggravating/mitigating circumstances. Which factor is NOT typically considered a mitigating circumstance?

  1. Young age of accused at time of offence
  2. Mental illness or intellectual disability
  3. Heinous nature of crime with premeditation
  4. Possibility of reformation and rehabilitation
polity medium fill in the blank article 19 - freedom of movement and internal migration freedom of movement and proportionality critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

Freedom of movement under Article 19(1)(d) enables internal migration for employment, education, but is subject to reasonable restrictions under Article 19(5) for public interest, and courts apply ______ test to balance migration rights with regulatory needs like pandemic control or resource management.

  1. Wednesbury
  2. proportionality
  3. rational basis
  4. strict scrutiny
polity medium true/false article 21 - right to health and traditional medicine traditional medicine and right to health frequently asked in upsc and ssc exams

The Supreme Court has recognized right to access traditional medicine systems (Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy) as part of right to health under Article 21, while requiring scientific validation, quality standards, and integration with mainstream healthcare.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq article 14 - affirmative action and creamy layer extension creamy layer extension to sc/st promotions critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

In Jarnail Singh v. Lachhmi Narain Gupta (2018), the Supreme Court extended the 'creamy layer' concept to reservation in promotions for SCs/STs, holding that:

  1. Creamy layer exclusion violates constitutional scheme for SCs/STs
  2. Creamy layer exclusion applies to SCs/STs in promotions to ensure benefits reach neediest, but State need not collect quantifiable data on backwardness
  3. Creamy layer exclusion applies only to OBCs, not SCs/STs
  4. Creamy layer exclusion is optional for States to implement
polity hard fill in the blank article 21 - right to dignity and custodial justice custodial justice and dignity critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

The Supreme Court has interpreted Article 21 to require protection from custodial torture, with guidelines including medical examination of arrestees, recording of arrest details, and production before magistrate within ______ hours to prevent abuse and ensure accountability.

  1. 12
  2. 24
  3. 48
  4. 72
polity hard true/false article 19 - freedom of association and political parties political parties and freedom of association critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

Freedom of association under Article 19(1)(c) includes right to form political parties, subject to reasonable restrictions under Article 19(4) for sovereignty, integrity, public order, and courts apply proportionality test to balance party autonomy with electoral integrity.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq article 21 - right to health and pharmaceutical access health rights and pharmaceutical access critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

In balancing right to health under Article 21 with intellectual property rights, the Supreme Court has applied which principle to allow compulsory licensing of life-saving drugs to ensure affordability while respecting patent rights?

  1. Absolute priority to patent rights
  2. Proportionality balancing public health needs with innovation incentives
  3. Complete abolition of pharmaceutical patents
  4. Deference to international trade agreements without domestic scrutiny
polity hard fill in the blank article 14 - affirmative action and sub-classification sub-classification in reservation critical for upsc mains and advanced ssc exams

In Davinder Singh case (2024), the Supreme Court held that States can create sub-classifications within SC reservation to ensure equitable distribution of benefits, provided the classification is based on ______ data showing backwardness and inadequacy of representation.

  1. anecdotal
  2. quantifiable
  3. political
  4. historical
polity hard true/false article 21 - right to health and reproductive rights reproductive rights and article 21 critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

The Supreme Court has interpreted Article 21 to include reproductive rights, including access to safe abortion, contraception, and maternal healthcare, recognizing that reproductive autonomy is intrinsic to dignity, privacy, and liberty.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq article 19 - freedom of occupation and regulatory balance occupational freedom and proportionality critical for upsc mains and judiciary exams

Freedom to practice any profession under Article 19(1)(g) is subject to reasonable restrictions under Article 19(6) in public interest. Which restriction would likely FAIL the proportionality test?

  1. Licensing requirements for medical practitioners to ensure competence
  2. Complete ban on private coaching institutes without evidence of harm
  3. Environmental regulations for industries to prevent pollution
  4. Zoning laws for commercial establishments in residential areas