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Under Article 315-323, the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is an independent constitutional body whose Chairman and members can be removed only by the ______ on grounds of misbehaviour after Supreme Court inquiry.
- Prime Minister
- President
- Parliament
- Chief Justice
Answer: President
UPSC independence safeguards: (a) Article 315-323: UPSC is independent constitutional body for recruitment to All India Services, Central Services, (b) Removal procedure: Article 317 - Chairman/members can be removed only by President on grounds of misbehaviour after Supreme Court inquiry (similar to CEC removal), (c) Other safeguards: (i) Fixed tenure (6 years or until age 65), (ii) Conditions of service cannot be varied to disadvantage after appointment, (iii) Expenses charged on Consolidated Fund of India (not subject to annual vote), (d) Functions: (i) Conduct examinations for recruitment, (ii) Advise on appointments, promotions, disciplinary matters, (iii) Protect merit, impartiality in civil service recruitment, (e) Applications: (i) Merit-based recruitment: UPSC examinations ensure competitive, transparent selection, (ii) Advisory role: Government normally accepts UPSC advice on appointments, promotions, (f) Illustrates institutional design: Constitutional safeguards enable UPSC to function as neutral, merit-based recruiter for civil services, insulating recruitment from political interference.