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Answer: True
India's Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan), launched in 2013, successfully entered Mars orbit in 2014. ISRO became the first Asian space agency and the fourth globally to reach Mars, at a record-low cost. [[30]]
Answer: True
Dr. Homi Jehangir Bhabha (1909-1966) founded India's nuclear program, establishing TIFR and BARC. He envisioned peaceful uses of atomic energy and laid foundations for India's strategic capabilities. [[1]]
Answer: True
The Ranji Trophy, India's premier domestic first-class cricket championship, was named after Kumar Shri Ranjitsinhji (1872-1933), who played for England and pioneered Indian cricket internationally. [[1]]
Answer: True
Major Dhyan Chand (1905-1979) was a legendary hockey player who led India to three Olympic golds (1928, 1932, 1936). His birthday (August 29) is celebrated as National Sports Day in India. [[30]]
Answer: True
The Jnanpith Award, instituted in 1961, is India's highest literary honor for outstanding contribution to Indian literature in any scheduled language. It includes a cash prize and a citation. [[30]]
Answer: True
Mother Teresa (1910-1997) received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979 for her humanitarian work with the poor in Kolkata. She founded the Missionaries of Charity and became an Indian citizen. [[1]]
Answer: True
The 86th Amendment (2002) made education a Fundamental Right (Article 21A). The Right to Education Act came into force on April 1, 2010, ensuring free and compulsory education for children aged 6-14. [[1]]
Answer: True
The Poona Pact was signed on September 24, 1932, between Gandhi and Ambedkar. It ensured reserved seats for Depressed Classes within joint electorates, replacing separate electorates proposed in the Communal Award. [[30]]
Answer: True
Judicial Review, the power to examine constitutionality of laws, is inherent in the Indian Constitution (Articles 13, 32, 226). It was reinforced by the Basic Structure Doctrine in Kesavananda Bharati case (1973). [[30]]
Answer: True
Part III of the Indian Constitution (Fundamental Rights) was inspired by the US Bill of Rights. However, the Indian version includes socioeconomic rights and allows reasonable restrictions for public order. [[1]]
Answer: True
The 1991 economic reforms, known as LPG (Liberalization, Privatization, Globalization), dismantled the License Raj, opened India to foreign investment, and integrated the economy with global markets. [[1]]
Answer: True
The First Five-Year Plan (1951-56) prioritized agriculture, irrigation, and power to address food shortages and stabilize the economy. It was based on the Harrod-Domar growth model. [[30]]
Answer: True
India was a founding member of the WTO established on January 1, 1995, succeeding GATT. India has actively participated in WTO negotiations, advocating for developing countries' interests in trade. [[30]]
Answer: True
India's first nuclear test 'Smiling Buddha' was in 1974. The second series 'Pokhran-II' in 1998 declared India a nuclear weapon state, leading to international sanctions later eased. [[1]]
Answer: True
Annie Besant established the Home Rule League in Madras in September 1916, demanding self-government for India. It complemented Tilak's league and mobilized mass support for Home Rule. [[1]]
Answer: True
India House (1905-1910) in London, founded by Shyamji Krishna Varma, became a hub for Indian revolutionaries like Vinayak Damodar Savarkar and Madan Lal Dhingra, promoting armed resistance against British rule. [[30]]
Answer: True
Subramania Bharati (1882-1921) was a Tamil poet, journalist, and freedom fighter. His poetry advocated social reform, women's emancipation, and Indian nationalism, influencing Tamil literature profoundly. [[30]]
Answer: True
Rabindranath Tagore won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913 for 'Gitanjali' (Song Offerings), a collection of devotional poems. He was the first non-European to receive this honor. [[1]]
Answer: True
Amir Khusrau (1253-1325) blended Persian and Indian musical traditions, developing qawwali as a form of Sufi devotional music. He also contributed to the evolution of Hindustani classical music. [[1]]
Answer: True
Abdul Fazl, Akbar's court historian, wrote 'Akbarnama' (chronicle of Akbar's reign) and 'Ain-i-Akbari' (administrative details). These works provide comprehensive insights into Mughal administration and culture. [[30]]