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Biomass is generally considered a carbon-neutral energy source because the CO2 released during combustion is offset by the CO2 absorbed by the plants during their growth.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Since the plants absorbed CO2 from the atmosphere to grow, burning them releases roughly the same amount back, maintaining a closed carbon loop.
Geothermal energy, derived from the Earth's internal heat, is considered a renewable resource.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The heat emanating from the Earth's core is virtually inexhaustible on human timescales, classifying geothermal energy as renewable.
Silent Valley National Park, known for its pristine tropical evergreen forests, is located in Kerala.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Silent Valley is located in the Nilgiri Hills, within the Palakkad District of Kerala.
Jim Corbett National Park, India's oldest national park, was originally established as Hailey National Park in 1936.
- True
- False
Answer: True
It was initially named Hailey National Park to protect the Bengal tiger and was later renamed in honor of Jim Corbett.
Keibul Lamjao National Park in Manipur is recognized as the only floating national park in the world.
- True
- False
Answer: True
It consists of phumdis (floating biomass) on Loktak Lake and is the last natural habitat of the Sangai (brow-antlered deer).
The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety deals with the safe handling, transport, and use of Living Modified Organisms (LMOs).
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Cartagena Protocol is an international agreement which aims to ensure the safe handling and transport of LMOs resulting from modern biotechnology.
The Earth Summit, also known as the Rio Summit, was held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), or Earth Summit, was held in Rio in June 1992.
The Basel Convention is designed to reduce the movements of hazardous waste between nations, specifically preventing transfer to less developed countries.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Basel Convention controls the transboundary movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal to protect human health and the environment.
Project Elephant, aimed at protecting elephants and their habitats, was launched in India in 1992.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Project Elephant was launched in February 1992 as a centrally sponsored scheme to assist states with wild elephant populations.
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) of India was established in the year 2010.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The NGT was established on 18 October 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 for effective disposal of environmental cases.
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was passed in India in 1981.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Air Act was enacted in 1981 to provide for the prevention, control, and abatement of air pollution.
Methane is a more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide on a per-molecule basis over a 100-year timeframe.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Methane traps heat much more effectively than CO2, giving it a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of about 28-34 times that of CO2 over 100 years.
The 'Albedo effect' refers to the absorption of solar radiation by the Earth's surface, causing it to warm up.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Albedo refers to the fraction of solar energy (shortwave radiation) reflected from the Earth back into space, not absorbed.
The 'Ozone Hole' is most prominent over the Arctic region during its respective winter/spring.
- True
- False
Answer: False
The ozone hole is most severe over the Antarctic region due to the unique formation of polar stratospheric clouds and the polar vortex.
Carbon monoxide has a much higher affinity for human hemoglobin compared to oxygen.
- True
- False
Answer: True
CO binds to hemoglobin about 200-250 times more strongly than oxygen, forming carboxyhemoglobin and causing tissue hypoxia.
Eutrophication leads to a significant increase in the dissolved oxygen levels of a water body.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Eutrophication causes algal blooms; when the algae die and decompose, it heavily depletes the dissolved oxygen, causing hypoxia.
BOD stands for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, which measures the amount of oxygen required by microbes to decompose organic matter in water.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Higher BOD indicates higher levels of organic pollution in water, as more oxygen is consumed by aerobic bacteria.
The Dodo is a well-known example of an extinct bird.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Dodo was a flightless bird endemic to Mauritius that went extinct in the late 17th century due to human activities.
Ex-situ conservation involves protecting endangered species in their natural habitats.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Ex-situ conservation involves protecting species outside their natural habitats, such as in zoos or seed banks.
Alpha diversity refers to the diversity between different habitats or landscapes.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Alpha diversity is the diversity within a particular area or ecosystem. Gamma diversity refers to the total diversity across a landscape.