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Which regulation requires explicit consent for processing sensitive personal data in the EU?
- GDPR
- ePrivacy Directive
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
GDPR requires explicit consent for special category data; ePrivacy Directive covers electronic communications. Both emphasize user control and transparency in data processing.
Which defense technique trains ML models with adversarial examples to improve robustness?
- Adversarial Training
- Defensive Distillation
- Randomized Smoothing
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Adversarial defenses: adversarial training includes perturbed examples, defensive distillation smooths outputs, randomized smoothing adds noise. All improve robustness against adversarial attacks.
Which Kubernetes security practice restricts pod capabilities to minimize attack surface?
- Pod Security Policies
- Network Policies
- Resource Limits
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Kubernetes security: Pod Security Policies restrict privileges, Network Policies control traffic, Resource Limits prevent DoS. Combined for defense-in-depth in container environments.
Which Zero Trust principle requires continuous verification of trust assumptions?
- Never Trust, Always Verify
- Assume Breach
- Least Privilege Access
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Zero Trust combines: never trust always verify (continuous authentication), assume breach (detect/contain threats), least privilege (minimum access). All principles work together for comprehensive security.
Which architecture underpins modern LLMs?
- CNN
- RNN
- Transformer
- LSTM
Answer: Transformer
Transformer uses self-attention for parallel sequence processing.
Which technique predicts future values from historical data?
- Regression
- Classification
- Time Series Forecasting
- Clustering
Answer: Time Series Forecasting
Time series forecasting models temporal patterns.
Which format is optimized for analytics?
- CSV
- JSON
- Parquet
- Avro
Answer: Parquet
Parquet is columnar storage optimized for analytics.
Which technology enables distributed stream processing?
- Apache Kafka
- Apache Flink
- Apache Spark Streaming
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Kafka, Flink, Spark Streaming enable real-time analytics.
Which framework standardizes threat information sharing?
- STIX/TAXII
- MITRE ATT&CK
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
STIX/TAXII standardizes exchange; MITRE ATT&CK catalogs TTPs.
Which tool monitors cloud configurations for compliance?
- CSPM
- CWPP
- CASB
- SIEM
Answer: CSPM
CSPM automates detection/remediation of misconfigurations.
Which technology enables continuous identity verification?
- MFA
- Adaptive Authentication
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
MFA requires multiple factors; adaptive authentication adjusts based on risk.
Which initiative provides unified interface for government services?
- UMANG
- MyGov
- DigiLocker
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Digital India ecosystem: UMANG, MyGov, DigiLocker.
Which initiative provides unified platform for startup support?
- Startup India Hub
- DPIIT Recognition
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
Startup India integrates Hub, DPIIT recognition, NITI Aayog policy.
Which mission aims to send astronauts to low Earth orbit?
- Chandrayaan-4
- Gaganyaan
- Aditya-L2
- Shukrayaan
Answer: Gaganyaan
Gaganyaan is ISRO's human spaceflight program.
Which Indian mission demonstrated in-orbit docking in 2024?
- Gaganyaan-1
- SPADEX
- Aditya-L2
- NISAR
Answer: SPADEX
SPADEX demonstrated autonomous rendezvous and docking in Earth orbit.
Which organization develops global web standards?
- W3C
- IETF
- ISO
- IEEE
Answer: W3C
World Wide Web Consortium develops web standards ensuring interoperability.
Which platform enables citizens to access government services via mobile?
- UMANG
- MyGov
- DigiLocker
- e-Taal
Answer: UMANG
UMANG offers 1,200+ services: Aadhaar, PAN, EPFO, utilities, health.
Which practice ensures ML models are continuously monitored in production?
- CI/CD
- Model Drift Detection
- A/B Testing
- All of these
Answer: All of these
MLOps combines CI/CD, drift detection, A/B testing for production ML.
Which method reduces LLM hallucinations by grounding responses in external knowledge?
- Fine-tuning
- RAG
- Prompt Engineering
- All of these
Answer: RAG
Retrieval-Augmented Generation combines LLMs with external knowledge retrieval.
Which technique enables prediction of future values based on historical data?
- Regression
- Classification
- Time Series Forecasting
- Clustering
Answer: Time Series Forecasting
Time series forecasting models temporal patterns for demand prediction, anomaly detection.