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Generate QuizTechnology – GK Questions
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Service mesh provides infrastructure-level observability, security, and traffic management for microservices.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Service mesh (Istio, Linkerd) deploys sidecar proxies for mTLS, retries, metrics, tracing. Decouples infrastructure concerns from application code. Critical for cloud-native architectures.
Which pattern enables automatic scaling of resources based on demand metrics?
- Auto-scaling
- Load Balancing
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
Auto-scaling adjusts resource count based on CPU, memory, or custom metrics; load balancing distributes traffic across instances. Combined for elastic, resilient cloud applications.
The process of containing and eradicating threats after detection is called Incident ________.
- Consortium
- Response
- Virtualization / NFV
- Work
Answer: Response
Incident response follows structured phases: preparation, detection, containment, eradication, recovery, lessons learned. Critical for minimizing breach impact and improving defenses.
Which tool automates vulnerability scanning and prioritization for remediation?
- Nessus
- Qualys
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
Vulnerability scanners (Nessus, Qualys, OpenVAS) identify security weaknesses, prioritize by risk, and track remediation. Critical for proactive security posture management.
Canary deployments release new model versions to small user subsets before full rollout.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Canary deployment minimizes risk by gradually expanding model exposure, monitoring metrics, and rolling back if issues arise. Critical for safe ML system updates in production.
Which practice detects when model performance degrades due to changing data distributions?
- Data Drift Detection
- Concept Drift Detection
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
Data drift: input feature distribution changes; concept drift: relationship between features and target changes. Monitoring both enables timely model retraining. Critical for production ML reliability.
The technique that enables LLMs to plan and execute multi-step tasks autonomously is called ________ Agents.
- Device Posture
- Red Team / Penetration
- AI / Autonomous
- Partitioning
Answer: AI / Autonomous
AI agents combine LLMs with planning, tool use, memory for autonomous task execution. Applications: research assistants, customer service, workflow automation. Critical for next-gen AI systems.
LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation) fine-tunes large models by updating small rank decomposition matrices.
- True
- False
Answer: True
LoRA adds low-rank matrices to weight updates, reducing trainable parameters by 100-1000x vs full fine-tuning. Enables efficient adaptation of LLMs on consumer hardware. Critical for resource-constrained AI.
Which technique enables LLMs to answer questions by retrieving relevant documents?
- Fine-tuning
- RAG
- Prompt Engineering
- All of these
Answer: RAG
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) combines LLMs with vector database retrieval, grounding responses in verified sources. Reduces hallucinations and enables knowledge updates without retraining.
The international organization that develops global internet standards is called World Wide Web ________.
- India
- Observability
- Consortium / W3C
- Academic Bank of Credits / DigiLocker
Answer: Consortium / W3C
W3C develops web standards: HTML, CSS, XML, accessibility guidelines. Ensures interoperability and innovation on the web. India participates through W3C India office. Critical for web policy questions.
Which framework provides guidelines for interoperable digital identity systems globally?
- ISO/IEC 24760
- W3C DID
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
ISO/IEC 24760 provides identity management framework; W3C DID enables decentralized identifiers. Both support interoperable, privacy-preserving digital identity systems. Critical for identity policy questions.
Data localization requirements mandate storing certain data within national borders for sovereignty.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Data localization (RBI payment data, DPDP Act provisions) ensures law enforcement access, reduces foreign surveillance risks. Balances sovereignty with global data flow needs. Critical for policy questions.
Which initiative promotes open-source software for public sector digital transformation?
- Digital India
- FOSS Policy
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
Digital India encourages FOSS adoption for cost-effectiveness, security, and vendor independence. MeitY's FOSS policy provides guidelines for government use. Critical for sustainable digital governance.
The Indian policy framework for responsible AI development is called National Strategy for ________.
- Artificial Intelligence / #AIforAll
- Precision
- -a
- Chandrayaan
Answer: Artificial Intelligence / #AIforAll
#AIforAll strategy (NITI Aayog) focuses on leveraging AI for inclusive growth across healthcare, agriculture, education. Emphasizes research, skilling, data governance, and ethical principles.
Which technique handles class imbalance by generating synthetic minority samples?
- Undersampling
- Oversampling
- SMOTE
- Class Weighting
Answer: SMOTE
SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique) creates synthetic examples by interpolating between minority class neighbors. Improves classifier performance on imbalanced data vs simple oversampling.
Explainable AI techniques help stakeholders understand model predictions for trust and compliance.
- True
- False
Answer: True
XAI methods (SHAP, LIME, attention visualization) provide interpretable explanations for AI decisions. Critical for regulated sectors (finance, healthcare) and user acceptance.
Which visualization shows relationship between two continuous variables?
- Bar Chart
- Histogram
- Scatter Plot
- Pie Chart
Answer: Scatter Plot
Scatter plots display individual data points for two variables, revealing correlations, clusters, and outliers. Foundation for regression analysis and exploratory data science.
The metric that balances precision and recall for imbalanced classification is called ________ Score.
- F1
- L
- O-RAN
- OECD
Answer: F1
F1 Score = 2 * (Precision * Recall) / (Precision + Recall). Harmonic mean balancing false positives and false negatives. Critical for evaluating models on imbalanced datasets.
Which technique splits data into training, validation, and test sets to prevent overfitting?
- Cross-Validation
- Holdout Method
- Bootstrap
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Data splitting strategies: holdout (simple split), cross-validation (multiple folds), bootstrap (resampling). Critical for reliable model evaluation and generalization assessment.
Serverless computing charges based on actual execution time rather than provisioned capacity.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Serverless (Lambda, Cloud Functions) uses pay-per-execution pricing, auto-scaling from zero. Trade-offs: cold starts, execution limits, vendor lock-in. Critical for cost-optimized cloud architectures.