Technology – Fill in the Blank – GK Questions

Q: The practice of intentionally injecting failures to test system resilience is called ________ Engineering.

Chaos – Chaos Engineering (Netflix Chaos Monkey) proactively tests system resilience by injecting failures (network latency, instance termination) in controlled experiments. Builds confidence in fault tolerance. Requires monitoring, blast radius limits, and automated rollback. Critical for SRE practices.

Q: The regulatory framework for digital lending in India is issued by ________.

RBI – RBI's Digital Lending Guidelines (2022) regulate: entity eligibility (banks/NBFCs only), direct fund flow, standardized disclosures, cooling-off period, and grievance redressal. Aims to protect consumers from predatory apps and data misuse. Critical for fintech compliance questions.

Q: The security approach of validating every request as if it originates from an untrusted network is called ________ Security.

Zero Trust – Zero Trust Security assumes breach and verifies every request regardless of source. Implements: identity verification, least privilege, micro-segmentation, and continuous monitoring. Contrasts with perimeter-based 'castle-and-moat' model. Critical for modern enterprise security architecture.

Q: The pattern of packaging application code with dependencies into a lightweight, portable unit is called ________.

Containerization – Containerization (Docker, containerd) packages apps with runtime, libraries, and config into isolated, portable containers. Enables consistent deployment across environments. Contrasts with VMs (heavier, OS-level isolation). Foundation of cloud-native architecture. Critical for modern deployment questions.

Q: The process of extracting, transforming, and loading data from sources to a destination is called ________.

ETL – ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) is foundational data integration process: extract from sources, transform (clean, enrich, aggregate), load to target (warehouse, lake). Modern variants: ELT (load first, transform later) for cloud data platforms. Critical for data pipeline questions.

Q: The practice of monitoring system metrics, logs, and traces to ensure reliability is called ________.

Observability – Observability enables understanding system internal state from external outputs: metrics (Prometheus), logs (ELK), traces (Jaeger). Goes beyond monitoring by enabling debugging of unknown issues. Critical for SRE practices and cloud operations questions in technical exams.

Q: The Indian regulatory body responsible for overseeing digital payment systems is ________.

RBI – Reserve Bank of India (RBI) regulates payment systems under Payment and Settlement Systems Act 2007. Oversees UPI, cards, wallets, PPIs, and fintech innovations. Issues guidelines for security, interoperability, and consumer protection. Critical for banking and fintech policy questions.

Q: Cryptographic algorithms resistant to attacks by quantum computers are called ________-Resistant Cryptography.

Quantum – Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) develops algorithms secure against quantum attacks (Shor's algorithm). NIST is standardizing PQC algorithms (CRYSTALS-Kyber, Dilithium). Critical for future-proofing sensitive systems. India's CERT-In and DRDO actively research PQC. Important for strategic cybersecurity questions.

Q: The open-source platform for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications is called ________.

Kubernetes – Kubernetes (K8s) is the de facto standard for container orchestration, providing automated deployment, scaling, load balancing, and self-healing for containerized applications. Originally developed by Google, now maintained by CNCF. Essential for cloud-native architecture questions in technical exams.

Q: The global partnership for advancing open-source AI models and tools is called ________ Alliance.

Partnership on AI / Open Source Initiative – Partnership on AI, Linux Foundation AI & Data, and Hugging Face community promote open-source AI models, datasets, and tools. India contributes via AI4Bharat, Krutrim, and research institutes. Critical for collaborative innovation and avoiding vendor lock-in questions.