GK Questions

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Showing 961–980 of 1646 questions
polity hard true_false

In Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India (2018), the Supreme Court struck down Section 377 IPC to the extent it criminalized consensual homosexual acts between adults, holding it violated Articles 14, 15, 19, and 21.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq

In the Aadhaar judgment (Puttaswamy, 2018), the Supreme Court applied the proportionality test to balance right to privacy with state interests. Which use of Aadhaar was upheld as proportionate?

  1. Mandatory linking with bank accounts and mobile numbers
  2. Authentication for welfare schemes funded from Consolidated Fund and PAN-Aadhaar linking for tax purposes
  3. Mandatory use for school admissions and NEET/JEE exams
  4. All uses were struck down as disproportionate
polity medium fill_blank

Under Article 39A (inserted by 42nd Amendment) and Article 21, the Supreme Court in Hussainara Khatoon case held that free legal aid to poor accused is essential for ______ justice.

  1. procedural
  2. substantive
  3. retributive
  4. distributive
polity hard true_false

In Common Cause v. Union of India (2018), the Supreme Court recognized passive euthanasia and living wills (advance medical directives) as part of right to die with dignity under Article 21.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq

In which case did the Supreme Court hold that right to dignity is intrinsic to Article 21 and forms part of the basic structure of the Constitution?

  1. Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978)
  2. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017)
  3. Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India (2018)
  4. All of the above
polity easy fill_blank

The right to free and compulsory education for children aged 6-14 years was made a Fundamental Right by inserting Article ______ through the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002.

  1. 21A
  2. 21B
  3. 45
  4. 46
polity medium true_false

In Hussainara Khatoon v. State of Bihar (1979), the Supreme Court recognized right to speedy trial as part of right to life and personal liberty under Article 21.

  1. True
  2. False
polity medium mcq

In Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985), the Supreme Court held that right to livelihood is integral to right to life under Article 21 because:

  1. Livelihood is a fundamental right separate from Article 21
  2. No person can live without the means of living
  3. Livelihood is covered under Directive Principles only
  4. Livelihood is a privilege granted by State
polity medium fill_blank

In Subhash Kumar v. State of Bihar (1991), the Supreme Court held that right to pollution-free water and air is part of right to life under Article ______.

  1. 14
  2. 19
  3. 21
  4. 25
polity medium true_false

The Supreme Court has interpreted Article 21 to include the right to health, obligating the State to provide adequate medical facilities and ensure access to healthcare.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq

In Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017), the Supreme Court recognized right to privacy as a fundamental right under which constitutional provisions?

  1. Only Article 21
  2. Articles 14, 19, and 21
  3. Only Article 19
  4. Preamble only
polity hard true_false

Indian federalism, as studied through constitutional provisions, case law, institutional practice, and contemporary challenges, exemplifies a living constitutional tradition that balances enduring values with adaptive governance — a model requiring continuous learning and balanced analysis for competitive exam success.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq

For last-minute revision of federalism for competitive exams, aspirants should prioritize:

  1. Memorizing all constitutional articles verbatim
  2. Key concepts (quasi-federal, cooperative federalism, basic structure), landmark cases (SR Bommai, Article 370 judgment), institutional mechanisms (GST Council, Finance Commission), and recent developments (105th/106th Amendments)
  3. Only recent political controversies without constitutional basis
  4. Only historical evolution without contemporary application
polity medium fill_blank

Under Article 270, taxes levied and collected by the Union but distributed between Union and States include income tax (excluding agricultural income) and ______, with distribution per Finance Commission recommendations.

  1. customs duty
  2. corporation tax
  3. excise duty on tobacco
  4. GST
polity hard true_false

The core takeaway for competitive exam aspirants on Indian federalism is that it is a dynamic, flexible system designed to balance national unity with regional diversity through constitutional provisions, institutional mechanisms, judicial oversight, and political negotiation — requiring integrated understanding of text, cases, and contemporary practice.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq

When answering federalism questions in UPSC Mains, candidates should structure responses to demonstrate:

  1. Only factual recall of constitutional articles
  2. Conceptual clarity, case study application, contemporary relevance, critical analysis, and balanced solutions
  3. Only criticism of current federal arrangements
  4. Only historical evolution without present-day application
polity medium fill_blank

Under Article 248, Parliament has exclusive power to make laws with respect to any matter not enumerated in the Concurrent List or State List, including the power to impose taxes not mentioned in either List, reflecting Indian federalism's ______ bias.

  1. State-centric
  2. unitary
  3. confederal
  4. decentralized
polity hard true_false

Indian federalism continues to evolve through constitutional amendments, judicial interpretations, institutional innovations, and political practice, requiring aspirants to stay updated with recent developments while grounding analysis in constitutional principles.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq

For comprehensive understanding of Indian federalism for competitive exams, candidates should integrate:

  1. Only constitutional text without case studies
  2. Constitutional provisions, landmark case studies, institutional mechanisms, contemporary challenges, and comparative perspectives
  3. Only recent political developments without constitutional basis
  4. Only judicial judgments without political or administrative context
polity medium fill_blank

Under Article 263, the Inter-State Council can be established by ______ order to inquire into and advise on disputes between States, subjects of common interest, and policy recommendations.

  1. Supreme Court
  2. Parliament
  3. President
  4. Prime Minister