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Which satellite is jointly developed by ISRO and NASA for Earth observation?
- CARTOSAT-3
- NISAR
- EOS-06
- RESOURCESAT-3
Answer: NISAR
NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) is a joint Earth-observation satellite using dual-frequency radar to monitor ecosystems, ice masses, vegetation, and natural hazards. Scheduled for launch in 2024, it will provide unprecedented data for climate science and disaster management globally.
The platform that provides online courses from school to university level under Ministry of Education is called ________.
Answer: SWAYAM
SWAYAM (Study Webs of Active-Learning for Young Aspiring Minds) is a MOOC platform offering free online courses from 9th grade to post-graduation by reputed Indian institutions. Credits earned can be transferred to academic records. Part of Digital India's education transformation initiatives.
Which technology enables simultaneous voice and high-speed data on 4G networks?
- CSFB
- VoLTE
- SVLTE
- 2G Fallback
Answer: VoLTE
VoLTE (Voice over LTE) transmits voice as IP packets over 4G data network, enabling simultaneous voice calls and high-speed internet without dropping to 3G/2G. Provides HD voice quality, faster call setup, and improved battery life. Requires compatible device, SIM, and network support.
Unicode can represent characters from virtually all writing systems in the world.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Unicode is a universal character encoding standard supporting over 149,000 characters from 161 scripts, plus symbols, emojis, and historical scripts. Replaces legacy encodings (ASCII, ISO-8859) that supported limited languages. UTF-8 is the dominant Unicode encoding on the web and modern systems.
Which protocol ensures data integrity and authenticity in digital communications?
- HTTP
- FTP
- Digital Signature
- SMTP
Answer: Digital Signature
Digital Signatures use public-key cryptography to verify message integrity (not altered) and authenticity (sender identity). Based on hashing and asymmetric encryption. Used in software distribution, financial transactions, legal documents. Distinct from digital certificates which bind public keys to identities.
The ethical framework addressing fairness, accountability, and transparency in AI systems is called ________ AI.
Answer: Responsible
Responsible AI encompasses principles and practices to ensure AI systems are developed and deployed ethically: fairness (avoiding bias), accountability (clear responsibility), transparency (explainable decisions), privacy protection, and human oversight. India's AI strategy emphasizes Responsible AI for inclusive growth.
Which payment method uses biometric authentication linked to Aadhaar for transactions?
- UPI
- AePS
- NEFT
- IMPS
Answer: AePS
AePS (Aadhaar Enabled Payment System) uses Aadhaar number and biometric authentication (fingerprint/iris) for cash withdrawal, deposit, balance inquiry, and fund transfer at Micro-ATMs. Operated by NPCI, it enables banking services for citizens without cards, phones, or internet connectivity.
A proxy server can be used to bypass geographic content restrictions.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Proxy servers act as intermediaries between client and internet, masking the user's real IP address. By connecting through a proxy in another country, users can access geo-restricted content. However, many services now detect and block proxy/VPN traffic. Legal and policy considerations apply.
Which of the following is an example of system software?
- MS Word
- Google Chrome
- Windows OS
- VLC Player
Answer: Windows OS
System software manages hardware and provides platform for applications. Examples: Operating Systems (Windows, Linux), device drivers, utilities, compilers. Application software performs user tasks: Word (document editing), Chrome (web browsing), VLC (media playback). OS is foundational system software.
A type of malware that replicates itself to spread to other computers without user intervention is called a ________.
Answer: Worm
Computer Worm is standalone malware that self-replicates to spread across networks, exploiting vulnerabilities without requiring user action (unlike viruses that need host files). Worms can consume bandwidth, install backdoors, or deliver payloads. Prevention: network segmentation, patching, firewall rules.
Which ISRO mission demonstrated spacecraft docking technology in Earth orbit?
- SPADEX
- Gaganyaan-1
- Aditya-L2
- NISAR
Answer: SPADEX
SPADEX (Space Docking Experiment) is ISRO's technology demonstrator mission to master orbital docking/undocking, critical for future space station modules, satellite servicing, and human spaceflight. Successful docking enables complex missions requiring spacecraft to connect and transfer resources in orbit.
DigiLocker documents have the same legal validity as physical original documents under the IT Act.
- True
- False
Answer: True
As per Rule 9A of Information Technology (Preservation and Retention of Information by Intermediaries providing Digital Locker facilities) Rules, 2016, documents issued by registered authorities through DigiLocker are legally valid and equivalent to physical originals under the IT Act, 2000.
Which SQL command is used to permanently save transaction changes in a database?
- SAVE
- COMMIT
- STORE
- FINALIZE
Answer: COMMIT
COMMIT permanently saves all changes made during a transaction to the database. ROLLBACK undoes uncommitted changes. Transactions follow ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability). Proper use of COMMIT/ROLLBACK ensures data integrity in multi-user database environments.
The technology that uses algorithms to make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed is called ________ Learning.
Answer: Machine
Machine Learning enables systems to learn patterns from data and improve performance on tasks without explicit programming. Types: Supervised (labeled data), Unsupervised (pattern discovery), Reinforcement (reward-based learning). Applications: recommendation engines, fraud detection, predictive maintenance.
What does 'SIM' stand for in mobile phones?
- Single Identity Module
- Subscriber Identity Module
- Secure Information Memory
- System Integration Module
Answer: Subscriber Identity Module
SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) is a small chip that stores subscriber information, network authentication keys, contacts, and SMS. It identifies and authenticates users on cellular networks. eSIM is an embedded digital SIM that can be programmed remotely without physical card replacement.
Virtual memory allows a computer to use hard disk space as an extension of RAM.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Virtual memory is a memory management technique where the OS uses a portion of hard disk (page file/swap space) as an extension of physical RAM. Allows running programs larger than available RAM by swapping inactive pages to disk. Slower than physical RAM but enables multitasking and larger address spaces.
Which of the following is a social engineering attack?
- Buffer Overflow
- Phishing
- SQL Injection
- DDoS
Answer: Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering attack where attackers impersonate legitimate entities via email/SMS to trick victims into revealing credentials or installing malware. Unlike technical exploits (buffer overflow, SQL injection), social engineering manipulates human psychology. Training and awareness are key defenses.
The system that enables cash withdrawals and balance inquiries at micro-ATMs using Aadhaar authentication is called ________.
Answer: AePS
AePS (Aadhaar Enabled Payment System) allows bank customers to use Aadhaar number and fingerprint/iris for basic banking transactions at Micro-ATMs through Business Correspondents. Operated by NPCI, it promotes financial inclusion in rural areas without need for cards, phones, or internet.
Which protocol is used for secure remote login to network devices?
- Telnet
- FTP
- SSH
- HTTP
Answer: SSH
SSH (Secure Shell) provides encrypted remote login and command execution over insecure networks. Replaces insecure Telnet which transmits data in plaintext. SSH uses public-key cryptography for authentication and supports port forwarding, file transfer (SFTP), and tunneling. Default port: 22.
Quantum computers can break all existing encryption algorithms instantly.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Quantum computers threaten asymmetric algorithms like RSA and ECC using Shor's algorithm, but not all encryption. Symmetric algorithms (AES) require larger key sizes for quantum resistance. Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) is being standardized by NIST. Practical large-scale quantum computers capable of breaking encryption are still years away.