Create a custom practice set
Pick category, difficulty, number of questions, and time limit. Start instantly with your own quiz.
Generate QuizGK Questions
Filter by category, type, and difficulty. Reading is open for everyone.
Which technique identifies unusual patterns that deviate from expected behavior?
- Classification
- Regression
- Anomaly Detection
- Association Rules
Answer: Anomaly Detection
Anomaly detection (Isolation Forest, Autoencoders, statistical methods) identifies outliers indicating fraud, failures, or novel events. Critical for security, monitoring, quality control.
Which technique enables prediction of future values based on historical time series data?
- Regression
- Classification
- Time Series Forecasting
- Clustering
Answer: Time Series Forecasting
Time series forecasting (ARIMA, Prophet, LSTM) models temporal patterns for demand prediction, anomaly detection, capacity planning. Critical for business planning and operations.
Which chart type is most effective for comparing proportions of categories?
- Bar Chart
- Pie Chart
- Stacked Bar
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Proportion visualization: bar charts for clear comparison, pie charts for part-to-whole (limited categories), stacked bars for multiple groups. Choice depends on data and audience.
Which principle requires AI systems to be understandable to non-technical stakeholders?
- Fairness
- Transparency
- Accountability
- Privacy
Answer: Transparency
Transparency (Explainable AI/XAI) ensures AI decisions can be interpreted by humans. Techniques: LIME, SHAP, attention visualization. Critical for trust, debugging, regulatory compliance.
Which disaster recovery strategy maintains fully operational standby in another region?
- Backup and Restore
- Pilot Light
- Warm Standby
- Multi-Site Active-Active
Answer: Multi-Site Active-Active
Active-active runs full workload in multiple regions simultaneously, enabling instant failover with zero RPO/RTO. Highest cost but maximum resilience. Critical for mission-critical systems.
Which practice defines infrastructure in declarative code for version-controlled provisioning?
- Infrastructure as Code
- Configuration Management
- GitOps
- All of these
Answer: All of these
IaC (Terraform), Configuration Management (Ansible), GitOps all use version-controlled code to define infrastructure state. Enables repeatability, auditability, peer review, automated testing.
Which service provides managed Kubernetes for container orchestration?
- EKS
- AKS
- GKE
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Managed Kubernetes: EKS (AWS), AKS (Azure), GKE (GCP) handle control plane, updates, scaling. Abstracts infrastructure while retaining container flexibility. Critical for cloud-native development.
Which cloud design pattern enables automatic recovery from instance failures?
- Self-Healing
- Circuit Breaker
- Retry Logic
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Resilience patterns: self-healing replaces failed instances, circuit breaker prevents cascading failures, retry logic handles transient errors. Combined for fault-tolerant cloud applications.
Which body regulates data protection and privacy in India?
- Data Protection Board
- CERT-In
- TRAI
- MeitY
Answer: Data Protection Board
Data Protection Board of India (under DPDP Act 2023) adjudicates disputes, imposes penalties, enforces compliance. Distinct from CERT-In (cyber incidents) and MeitY (policy).
Which technique handles high-dimensional sparse data efficiently?
- Dimensionality Reduction
- Sparse Representations
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
High-dimensional handling: dimensionality reduction (PCA, autoencoders) compresses features; sparse representations (L1 regularization) select relevant features. Critical for text, recommendation systems.
Which visualization is best for showing trends over time?
- Line Chart
- Area Chart
- Both A and B
- Bar Chart
Answer: Both A and B
Time series visualization: line charts show trends clearly, area charts emphasize volume. Both effective for temporal data analysis and forecasting communication.
Which service enables serverless API management with authentication and rate limiting?
- API Gateway
- Cloud Endpoints
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
Managed API gateways (AWS API Gateway, GCP Endpoints) handle routing, auth, throttling, monitoring. Critical for secure, scalable microservices exposure.
Which technology provides centralized logging and analysis for security events?
- SIEM
- Log Management
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
SIEM platforms aggregate logs from network, endpoint, application sources, enabling correlation, alerting, and investigation. Foundation for modern security operations.
Which practice ensures ML models are tested for fairness across demographic groups?
- Bias Audits
- Fairness Metrics
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
Fairness testing: bias audits detect disparate impact, fairness metrics (demographic parity, equalized odds) quantify equity. Critical for ethical AI deployment in regulated sectors.
Which technique enables LLMs to answer questions by retrieving relevant passages from documents?
- Fine-tuning
- RAG
- Prompt Engineering
- All of these
Answer: RAG
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) combines LLMs with vector search over document collections, grounding responses in verified sources. Reduces hallucinations and enables knowledge updates.
Which framework provides guidelines for interoperable digital public infrastructure globally?
- Digital Public Goods Alliance
- G20 DPI Framework
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
Digital Public Goods Alliance curates open-source solutions; G20 DPI Framework promotes interoperable identity, payments, data sharing. India leads global DPI advocacy.
Which initiative provides a unified interface for citizens to access government services?
- UMANG
- MyGov
- DigiLocker
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Digital India ecosystem: UMANG for service delivery, MyGov for citizen engagement, DigiLocker for documents. Integrated approach for inclusive digital governance.
Which technique handles missing data by modeling the missingness mechanism?
- Mean Imputation
- Multiple Imputation
- Model-Based Imputation
- All of these
Answer: Model-Based Imputation
Model-based imputation (MICE, Bayesian) models relationships between variables to predict missing values, accounting for uncertainty. More robust than simple methods for complex missingness patterns.
Which visualization shows the distribution of a variable across categories?
- Box Plot
- Violin Plot
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
Box plots show median, quartiles, outliers; violin plots add density estimation. Both effective for comparing distributions across categories. Critical for exploratory data analysis.
Which pattern enables microservices to communicate asynchronously using message queues?
- REST APIs
- Event-Driven Architecture
- gRPC
- Both B and C
Answer: Event-Driven Architecture
Event-driven architecture uses message brokers (Kafka, RabbitMQ) for decoupled, asynchronous service communication. Enables scalability, resilience, and real-time processing.