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Answer: 30-50 km
The continental crust is approximately 30-50 km thick, while oceanic crust is thinner (5-10 km). The crust is the outermost solid shell of Earth, composed mainly of granitic rocks on continents and basaltic rocks under oceans.
Answer: Chambal
The Chambal River originates in the Vindhya Range of Madhya Pradesh and flows through Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh before joining the Yamuna. It is known for its ravines and is one of the least polluted rivers in India.
Answer: True
The Prime Meridian (0° longitude) passes through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London. It serves as the reference line for Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) and divides the Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
Answer: Mizoram
Mizoram has the highest forest cover by percentage (about 84.53% of its geographical area) according to the India State of Forest Report 2021. Arunachal Pradesh has the highest forest cover by absolute area among Northeast states.
Answer: Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh is the largest producer of sugarcane in India, contributing about 40% of national production. Major sugarcane-growing districts include Muzaffarnagar, Bijnor, and Saharanpur. India is the second-largest sugar producer globally after Brazil.
Answer: Goa
Goa is the smallest state in India by area (3,702 sq km). Located on the west coast, it is known for beaches, Portuguese heritage, and tourism. Panaji is its capital. Despite its size, Goa has the highest GDP per capita among Indian states.
Answer: Huang He (Yellow River)
The Huang He (Yellow River) is called 'China's Sorrow' due to its frequent and devastating floods caused by silt deposition raising the riverbed. Historically, floods have caused millions of deaths. Massive dam projects now help control flooding.
Answer: True
The Narmada River flows westward through a rift valley between the Vindhya and Satpura ranges, emptying into the Arabian Sea via the Gulf of Khambhat. It is one of the few major Indian rivers flowing west. The Tapi River also flows westward similarly.
Answer: Jim Corbett
Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand is India's oldest national park (established 1936) and a famous tiger reserve. It was the first park included in Project Tiger (1973). The park is named after hunter-conservationist Jim Corbett and is part of the Shivalik Hills.
Answer: Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef, located off the coast of Queensland, Australia, is the world's largest coral reef system. It stretches over 2,300 km and comprises over 2,900 individual reefs. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and home to diverse marine life.
Answer: Southwest Monsoon
The Southwest Monsoon (June-September) brings about 75% of India's annual rainfall. It originates from the Indian Ocean and splits into Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal branches. The timing and distribution of this monsoon are critical for Indian agriculture.
Answer: True
The Amazon Rainforest, the world's largest tropical rainforest, is located primarily in Brazil (about 60%). It also extends into Peru, Colombia, and other South American countries. It is often called the 'lungs of the Earth' for producing 20% of the world's oxygen.
Answer: Gujarat Offshore
India's first offshore wind power project is being developed off the coast of Gujarat. The project aims to harness strong sea winds for renewable energy. India has a potential of 70 GW for offshore wind energy, primarily along Gujarat and Tamil Nadu coasts.
Answer: Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta
The Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta (also called Sundarbans Delta) is the largest delta in the world, covering about 105,000 sq km. It is formed by the confluence of the Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers. It spans India (West Bengal) and Bangladesh.
Answer: Australia
Australia is the smallest continent by area (about 8.6 million sq km). It is also the only continent that is a single country. Despite its size, it has diverse landscapes including deserts, rainforests, and the Great Barrier Reef.
Answer: False
The Khyber Pass connects Pakistan and Afghanistan, not India. It is a strategically important mountain pass in the Spin Ghar mountains. Historically, it has been a key route for invasions into the Indian subcontinent. India does not share a border with Afghanistan.
Answer: Gravitational pull of Moon and Sun
Tides are primarily caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon and, to a lesser extent, the Sun on Earth's oceans. When the Sun, Moon, and Earth align (full/new moon), spring tides occur with higher high tides. Neap tides occur when they are at right angles.
Answer: Blue
The Blue Revolution refers to the significant growth in aquaculture and fish production in India. It aims to increase fish production through modern techniques, improving livelihoods of fishermen. India is now the second-largest fish producer in the world after China.
Answer: Atacama
The Atacama Desert in Chile is the driest non-polar desert in the world. Some areas have never recorded rainfall. It is rich in mineral resources like copper and nitrates. Its extreme dryness makes it ideal for astronomical observations.
Answer: True
India has two island union territories: Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Bay of Bengal) and Lakshadweep (Arabian Sea). Andaman & Nicobar has 572 islands (38 inhabited), while Lakshadweep has 36 islands (10 inhabited). Both are important for biodiversity and strategic location.