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The concept of 'Concurrent List' in the Indian Constitution was borrowed from the ______ Constitution.
Answer: Australian
The Concurrent List (List III in Seventh Schedule) allowing both center and states to legislate on certain subjects was borrowed from the Australian Constitution. It facilitates cooperative federalism. [[30]]
The 'Mahalanobis Model' emphasized heavy industry development during the ______ Five-Year Plan.
Answer: Second
The Second Five-Year Plan (1956-61), based on the Mahalanobis Model, emphasized heavy and capital goods industries to achieve rapid industrialization. It laid foundations for India's public sector. [[1]]
The 'Gujral Doctrine' emphasized non-reciprocal generosity towards ______ neighbors.
Answer: South Asian
The Gujral Doctrine (1996), articulated by PM I.K. Gujral, emphasized non-reciprocal generosity towards smaller South Asian neighbors to build trust and regional cooperation, particularly with Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Bhutan. [[30]]
The 'Berlin Committee' for Indian independence was formed during ______.
Answer: World War I
The Berlin Committee (1915) was formed by Indian revolutionaries in Germany during WWI, seeking German support for India's independence. It coordinated with the Ghadar Party for anti-British activities. [[1]]
The novel 'Anandamath', containing 'Vande Mataram', was written by ______.
Answer: Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee wrote 'Anandamath' (1882), featuring the song 'Vande Mataram'. The novel inspired nationalist sentiment and became a rallying cry during India's freedom struggle. [[30]]
The 'Baburnama' was written by Babur in the ______ language.
Answer: Chagatai Turkish
Babur wrote his memoirs 'Baburnama' in Chagatai Turkish, later translated to Persian. It provides vivid accounts of his life, Central Asian culture, and early Mughal India. [[1]]
The 'Kamasutra' was written by ______ in ancient India.
Answer: Vatsyayana
Vatsyayana composed the Kamasutra (c. 3rd century CE), a treatise on love, relationships, and social conduct. It reflects the sophisticated urban culture of ancient India beyond mere eroticism. [[30]]
The 'Komagata Maru' incident (1914) involved Indian immigrants being denied entry to ______.
Answer: Canada
The Komagata Maru (1914) carried 376 Indian immigrants to Canada, but was denied entry due to restrictive immigration laws. The incident galvanized the Ghadar Movement and anti-colonial sentiment. [[1]]
The 'Instrument of Accession' was signed by princely states to join ______.
Answer: Indian Union
The Instrument of Accession was the legal document by which princely states joined the Indian Union, ceding control of defense, foreign affairs, and communications to the central government while retaining internal autonomy. [[30]]
The 'Pagal Panthi' movement was led by ______ in Bengal.
Answer: Tipu Shah
Tipu Shah led the Pagal Panthi movement (1820s-1840s) in Mymensingh, Bengal. It combined religious revivalism with peasant resistance against zamindari oppression and British authority. [[1]]
The Rajput kingdom of Mewar was ruled by the ______ clan.
Answer: Sisodia
The Sisodia clan of Rajputs ruled Mewar from Chittorgarh and later Udaipur. Notable rulers include Rana Sanga, Rana Pratap, who resisted Mughal expansion valiantly. [[30]]
The ______ dynasty ruled Karnataka and Andhra after the decline of the Satavahanas.
Answer: Ikshvaku
The Ikshvaku dynasty (c. 3rd-4th century CE) succeeded the Satavahanas in the Krishna-Guntur region. They patronized Buddhism and built notable stupas at Nagarjunakonda. [[1]]
The 'Pattachitra' scroll painting tradition is prominent in ______ and Odisha.
Answer: West Bengal
Pattachitra is a traditional scroll painting from West Bengal and Odisha, depicting Hindu epics and folk tales. Artists use natural colors on cloth or palm leaves, continuing centuries-old techniques. [[30]]
The 'African National Congress' (ANC) led the struggle against ______ in South Africa.
Answer: apartheid
The African National Congress (ANC), founded in 1912, led the struggle against apartheid in South Africa. Nelson Mandela became its iconic leader and South Africa's first black president in 1994. [[1]]
The 'Siddhanta Shiromani' was written by the mathematician-astronomer ______.
Answer: Bhaskara II
Bhaskara II (12th century) wrote Siddhanta Shiromani, covering arithmetic, algebra, and astronomy. He calculated planetary positions, discussed gravity concepts, and contributed to calculus foundations. [[30]]
The 'Green Revolution' in India was primarily focused on increasing production of ______.
Answer: wheat and rice
The Green Revolution (mid-1960s) introduced high-yielding varieties of wheat and rice, along with irrigation, fertilizers, and pesticides. It transformed India from a food-deficient to a self-sufficient nation. [[1]]
The 'Treaty of Sugauli' (1816) defined the boundaries between British India and ______.
Answer: Nepal
The Treaty of Sugauli (1816) ended the Anglo-Nepalese War and defined Nepal's boundaries. Nepal ceded territories like Kumaon and Garhwal but retained independence, and the Gurkha recruitment tradition began. [[30]]
The ancient kingdom of 'Srivijaya' in Southeast Asia was a major center for ______ Buddhism.
Answer: Mahayana
Srivijaya (7th-13th century), based in Sumatra, was a major maritime empire and center for Mahayana Buddhism. Indian scholars like Atisha studied there, and it facilitated cultural exchange between India and Southeast Asia. [[1]]
The 'Simla Agreement' (1972) was signed between India and Pakistan after the ______ War.
Answer: 1971
The Simla Agreement (July 1972) was signed by Indira Gandhi and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto after the 1971 War. It established the Line of Control in Kashmir and committed both nations to bilateral resolution of disputes. [[30]]
The 'Battle of Haldighati' (1576) was fought between Maharana Pratap and the forces of ______.
Answer: Akbar
The Battle of Haldighati (1576) was fought between Maharana Pratap of Mewar and Akbar's forces led by Man Singh. Though tactically inconclusive, Pratap continued guerrilla warfare to defend Mewar's independence. [[1]]