Fill in the Blank – GK Questions

Chain-of-Thought prompting encourages LLMs to generate reasoning steps.

Clustering discovers natural groupings in unlabeled data.

Serverless query engines enable SQL queries on object storage using schema-on-read.

Stream processing handles continuous data flows for real-time insights.

FAME provides demand incentives for EVs and charging infrastructure.

Model parallelism splits model layers across devices; pipeline parallelism stages computation. Critical for scaling LLM training.

Edge computing processes data near source, reducing round-trip latency to cloud. Critical for IoT, autonomous vehicles.

UEBA uses ML to establish behavioral baselines and detect anomalies indicating compromised accounts or insider threats.

Function calling enables LLMs to invoke APIs, run code, query databases for tasks beyond text generation.

Stream processing handles continuous data flows for real-time insights: fraud detection, monitoring, personalization.

Threat hunting uses hypotheses, analytics, and analyst expertise to find hidden adversaries. Complements automated detection.

Principle of Least Privilege restricts user/system access rights to only what is essential. Reduces attack surface and limits damage from compromised accounts.

Penetration Testing (ethical hacking) involves authorized simulated cyberattacks to identify security weaknesses before malicious actors exploit them. Types: black-box (no prior knowledge), white-box (full knowledge), gray-box (partial). Conducted by certified professionals (CEH, OSCP). Findings guide remediation and strengthen security posture.

SSLV (Small Satellite Launch Vehicle) is designed for launching mini/micro/nanosatellites (up to 500 kg to LEO) with low cost, minimal infrastructure, and quick turnaround. Features modular design, minimal launch preparations, and flexibility for multiple satellite deployments. Caters to growing global small satellite market and technology demonstrations.

UNIQUE constraint enforces that all values in a column (or column combination) are distinct across rows. Unlike PRIMARY KEY, UNIQUE allows NULL values (typically one NULL per column). Used for business keys like email, phone number. Multiple UNIQUE constraints can exist per table, aiding data integrity and query optimization.

MCA21 (Ministry of Corporate Affairs) is an e-governance platform for company incorporation, compliance filings, and statutory services. e-Biz integrates multiple government services for businesses. These platforms reduce paperwork, enable online payments, and provide real-time status tracking, supporting Ease of Doing Business reforms.

Microservices Architecture decomposes applications into small, independent services communicating via APIs. Benefits: independent scaling, technology diversity, fault isolation, and faster deployments. Challenges: distributed system complexity, data consistency, monitoring. Often combined with containers (Docker) and orchestration (Kubernetes) for cloud-native development.

CERT-In (Indian Computer Emergency Response Team) is the national nodal agency for responding to cybersecurity incidents. Functions: threat analysis, vulnerability management, incident response, security awareness, and coordination with international CERTs. Operates under Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).

Gaganyaan is ISRO's human spaceflight program to send Indian astronauts to low Earth orbit (~400 km) for 3-7 days. Includes crew module, service module, life support, and crew escape system. Multiple uncrewed test flights precede crewed mission. Represents India's capability in human-rated launch vehicles and space medicine.

Atomicity is the 'A' in ACID properties. It guarantees that all operations within a transaction succeed as a unit, or none are applied. If any part fails, the entire transaction is rolled back. Critical for maintaining data consistency in banking, inventory, and other mission-critical applications.