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The 'Right to Repair' movement advocates for policies that enable consumers to fix products, extending their lifespan and supporting _____ economy principles.
- Linear
- Circular
- Extractive
- Disposable
Answer: Circular
Right to Repair laws combat planned obsolescence, reduce e-waste, and empower consumers by ensuring access to parts, tools, and information for product maintenance.
The concept of 'Eco-anxiety' refers to chronic fear of environmental doom that can affect mental health, particularly among _____ who are more aware of climate risks.
- Elderly populations
- Young people
- Corporate executives
- Retired individuals
Answer: Young people
Eco-anxiety, recognized by mental health professionals, reflects distress about climate change impacts on future generations, requiring supportive coping strategies and meaningful action.
The 'Value-Belief-Norm' theory suggests that environmental action is motivated by personal values, awareness of consequences, and a sense of _____ responsibility.
- Financial
- Moral
- Legal
- Political
Answer: Moral
This theory posits that altruistic and biospheric values, combined with awareness of environmental threats and personal responsibility, activate pro-environmental norms and behavior.
The phenomenon of 'Arctic Amplification' refers to the faster rate of warming in the _____ region compared to the global average.
- Antarctic
- Arctic
- Equatorial
- Tropical
Answer: Arctic
Arctic Amplification occurs due to feedbacks like sea ice loss reducing albedo, leading to accelerated warming with global implications for weather patterns and sea level rise.
The term 'Planetary Boundaries' refers to nine Earth system processes within which humanity can continue to develop and thrive for generations to come; one such boundary is climate change, another is _____.
- Stock market volatility
- Biodiversity loss
- Urbanization rate
- Internet usage
Answer: Biodiversity loss
The Planetary Boundaries framework identifies critical Earth system processes like climate change, biodiversity integrity, nitrogen/phosphorus cycles, and land-use change that must remain within safe limits.
The 'Phad' irrigation system, a community-managed flood irrigation method, is traditionally practiced in the state of _____.
- Rajasthan
- Maharashtra
- Gujarat
- Madhya Pradesh
Answer: Maharashtra
The Phad system in north Maharashtra diverts river water through canals to irrigate fields in a rotational manner, managed by local water user groups.
The 'Sacred Groves' tradition in India, where patches of forest are protected for religious and cultural reasons, is known as '_____' in Kerala.
- Devrai
- Kavu
- Oran
- Sarna
Answer: Kavu
Sacred groves, called Kavu in Kerala, Devrai in Maharashtra, and Sarna in Jharkhand, serve as biodiversity refuges and preserve traditional conservation ethics.
The 'S. Jagannath vs Union of India' case (1997) dealt with the environmental impacts of _____ farming and led to regulations in coastal areas.
- Organic
- Shrimp/Prawn
- Hydroponic
- Aquaponic
Answer: Shrimp/Prawn
The Supreme Court restricted intensive shrimp farming in coastal ecologically sensitive areas, emphasizing the need to balance economic activities with environmental protection.
The 'Dehradun Quarrying Case' (Rural Litigation and Entitlement Kendra vs State of Uttar Pradesh) is considered India's first _____ case.
- Public Interest Litigation (PIL) on environmental issues
- Criminal environmental case
- International environmental arbitration
- Corporate environmental liability case
Answer: Public Interest Litigation (PIL) on environmental issues
This 1985 case marked the beginning of environmental PILs in India, leading to the closure of limestone quarries in the Doon Valley to protect ecological balance.
World Wildlife Day is celebrated on _____ to appreciate and raise awareness about the world's wild fauna and flora.
- February 3
- March 3
- April 3
- May 3
Answer: March 3
Proclaimed by the UN General Assembly, this day marks the adoption of CITES and promotes conservation of endangered species and combating wildlife crime.
International Day of Forests is observed on _____ to celebrate the importance of all types of forests and trees.
- February 21
- March 21
- April 21
- May 21
Answer: March 21
Established by the UN General Assembly in 2012, this day raises awareness about sustainable forest management and the role of forests in climate mitigation.
The 'Forest Carbon Partnership Facility' (FCPF) is a global partnership that helps countries reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, known as _____.
- REDD+
- COP26
- NAPCC
- LULUCF
Answer: REDD+
REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) provides financial incentives for developing countries to conserve forests and enhance carbon stocks.
The 'Global Climate Risk Index' is published annually by _____ to assess countries' vulnerability to weather-related loss events.
- IPCC
- Germanwatch
- UNFCCC
- IMF
Answer: Germanwatch
Germanwatch, a German environmental NGO, publishes this index analyzing impacts of extreme weather events and countries' exposure to climate risks.
The 'Biological Diversity Act, 2002' establishes a three-tier structure for regulating access to biological resources: National Biodiversity Authority, State Biodiversity Boards, and _____.
- District Collectors
- Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs)
- Panchayat Raj Institutions only
- Private corporations
Answer: Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs)
BMCs at local level document biodiversity, promote conservation, and ensure equitable benefit-sharing from use of biological resources and traditional knowledge.
The 'National Green Tribunal' (NGT) was established under the NGT Act, _____ for effective and expeditious disposal of environmental cases.
- 2005
- 2010
- 2015
- 2020
Answer: 2010
NGT has jurisdiction over civil cases involving substantial environmental questions, with powers to grant relief, compensation, and enforce environmental laws.
The 'International Solar Alliance' (ISA), initiated by India, aims to promote solar energy deployment in countries lying between the Tropics of _____ and Capricorn.
- Cancer
- Capricorn
- Equator
- Arctic
Answer: Cancer
ISA mobilizes resources, technology, and finance to scale up solar projects in sun-rich nations, contributing to climate goals and energy access.
The 'Ujwal DISCOM Assurance Yojana' (UDAY) aims to improve the financial health of power distribution companies to support _____ sector reforms.
- Agricultural
- Power
- Banking
- Transport
Answer: Power
UDAY addresses DISCOM losses through debt restructuring, operational improvements, and tariff rationalization to enable sustainable power sector growth.
The 'Soil Health Card' scheme in India provides farmers with information on soil nutrient status and recommendations for _____.
- Crop insurance only
- Balanced fertilizer application and soil management
- Pesticide use only
- Land sale prices
Answer: Balanced fertilizer application and soil management
Soil Health Cards help farmers optimize input use, improve productivity, and maintain soil health through site-specific nutrient management.
The 'Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana' (PKVY) promotes _____ farming in India through cluster-based approach.
- Conventional
- Organic
- Genetically modified
- Hydroponic
Answer: Organic
PKVY supports farmers in adopting organic practices, certification, and marketing to enhance soil health, biodiversity, and farm income sustainably.
The process by which a substance accumulates in an organism at a rate faster than it is eliminated is called bio_____.
- Degradation
- Accumulation
- Dilution
- Transformation
Answer: Accumulation
Bioaccumulation of persistent pollutants like mercury or DDT in tissues can lead to toxic effects and biomagnification up the food chain.