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Answer: True
Operation Polo (September 1948) was the police action by which Indian forces integrated Hyderabad into the Indian Union. The Nizam surrendered, ending his rule and the Razakar militia's violence. [[1]]
Answer: True
The Vellore Mutiny (July 1806) was an early sepoy uprising against British interference in religious customs. Though suppressed, it foreshadowed the larger 1857 Revolt. [[1]]
Answer: True
The Pabna Peasant Uprising (1873) in Bengal was against zamindars who increased rents and evicted tenants. Peasants formed agrarian leagues and used legal methods to resist exploitation. [[30]]
Answer: True
The Ahom kingdom of Assam resisted Mughal invasions for over a century, notably defeating them at the Battle of Saraighat (1671). They maintained independence until British conquest in 1826. [[30]]
Answer: True
Krishnadevaraya (1509-1529) composed 'Amuktamalyada' in Telugu, a poetic work on the life of Andal. He was a great patron of literature in Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, and Sanskrit. [[1]]
Answer: True
The Pallavas (Kanchipuram) and Chalukyas (Badami) fought numerous wars between the 6th-8th centuries CE for dominance in the Deccan. Their conflict shaped South Indian political history and temple architecture. [[1]]
Answer: True
The Vakatakas (c. 250-500 CE) ruled the Deccan concurrently with the Guptas in North India. They patronized art and architecture, including the Ajanta Caves, and had matrimonial alliances with the Guptas. [[30]]
Answer: True
Chhau dance, from Odisha, Jharkhand, and West Bengal, blends martial arts, folk traditions, and classical elements. It uses masks and depicts episodes from epics, recognized by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage. [[30]]
Answer: True
Madhubani (Mithila) painting from Bihar uses natural colors and depicts mythology, nature, and social events. Traditionally done by women on walls and floors, it is now recognized globally as a folk art. [[1]]
Answer: True
The Vietnam War ended with the fall of Saigon (April 30, 1975) to North Vietnamese forces. Vietnam was reunified in 1976 as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, marking a significant Cold War outcome. [[1]]
Answer: True
India became independent on August 15, 1947, ending nearly 200 years of British colonial rule. The transfer of power was accompanied by Partition, creating the dominions of India and Pakistan. [[30]]
Answer: True
Zij-i-Muhammadi and other astronomical tables were compiled in medieval India, blending Indian, Persian, and Greek knowledge. They facilitated accurate calendar calculations and navigation. [[30]]
Answer: True
The Delhi Iron Pillar (c. 4th-5th century CE) has resisted rusting for over 1,600 years due to its high phosphorus content and protective passive film. It showcases ancient Indian metallurgical expertise. [[1]]
Answer: True
Indira Gandhi nationalized 14 major banks in 1969 and 6 more in 1980. This aimed to extend banking to rural areas, support agriculture, and reduce concentration of economic power. [[1]]
Answer: True
The 1991 economic reforms, led by Finance Minister Manmohan Singh under PM P.V. Narasimha Rao, liberalized trade, reduced licenses, and opened India to foreign investment, transforming the economy. [[30]]
Answer: True
After the Anglo-Nepalese War, the British were impressed by Gurkha bravery and began recruiting them into the British Indian Army. Gurkhas continue to serve in the Indian and British armies with distinction. [[30]]
Answer: True
Bhutan maintained independence during British rule, though it signed the Treaty of Punakha (1910) accepting British guidance in external affairs. Post-1947, it signed a Treaty of Friendship with India (1949, revised 2007). [[1]]
Answer: True
The Ramayana and Mahabharata are integral to Southeast Asian cultures, adapted in local languages and performance arts like Wayang Kulit (Indonesia), Khon (Thailand), and Ramakien (Cambodia). [[1]]
Answer: True
Angkor Wat (12th century), built by Suryavarman II, was originally a Hindu temple dedicated to Vishnu. It later became a Buddhist temple and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and symbol of Cambodia. [[30]]
Answer: True
SAARC was founded in 1985 with seven members: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, and Maldives. Afghanistan joined later in 2007. SAARC aims to promote regional cooperation in South Asia. [[30]]