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Answer: True
GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) is India's national rating system for green buildings, developed by TERI and Ministry of New & Renewable Energy. Evaluates energy/water efficiency, waste management, and sustainable materials. LEED is an international alternative. Important for sustainable development questions.
Answer: True
sudo (superuser do) grants temporary elevated privileges to authorized users as defined in /etc/sudoers. Promotes least-privilege security model by avoiding persistent root login. Users authenticate with their own password. Critical concept for secure system administration in technical exams.
Answer: True
Flexbox handles one-dimensional layouts: arrange items in a row OR column with flexible sizing, alignment, and order. CSS Grid handles two-dimensional layouts (rows AND columns). Both are modern layout systems replacing floats/positioning. Understanding their use cases is important for responsive design questions.
Answer: True
Hash tables use hash functions to map keys to array indices, enabling average O(1) operations. Worst-case O(n) occurs with many collisions (resolved via chaining/open addressing). Load factor and good hash functions maintain performance. Critical data structure for efficient lookups in real-world applications and exams.
Answer: False
Section 79 of IT Act provides safe harbor to intermediaries if they: (1) only provide access, (2) don't initiate/modify transmission, (3) observe due diligence and remove content upon actual knowledge. IT Rules 2021 add grievance redressal and traceability requirements. Critical for understanding platform liability.
Answer: True
Green hydrogen is produced via water electrolysis powered by renewable energy (solar, wind), resulting in zero-carbon fuel. Contrasts with grey hydrogen (from fossil fuels) and blue hydrogen (fossil fuels + carbon capture). India's National Green Hydrogen Mission aims to make India a global hub for production and export.
Answer: False
kill sends signals to processes; default is SIGTERM (15) which requests graceful termination, allowing cleanup. SIGKILL (9) forces immediate termination but doesn't allow cleanup. Processes can ignore or handle signals. Understanding process signals is important for system administration questions.
Answer: False
JavaScript was designed for client-side execution in web browsers to enable interactive web pages. Server-side JavaScript (Node.js) is possible but not the primary use case. Understanding client-server architecture is fundamental for web technology questions in SSC and banking exams.
Answer: False
A standard BST degenerates to a linked list (O(n) search) if elements are inserted in sorted order. Balanced BSTs (AVL, Red-Black) maintain O(log n) by self-balancing after insertions/deletions. Understanding tree balancing is crucial for algorithm questions in SSC JE and banking IT exams.
Answer: False
Section 66A was struck down by the Supreme Court in Shreya Singhal v. Union of India (2015) for violating freedom of speech. It criminalized 'offensive' online content but was overly broad. Current IT Act provisions focus on cybercrime, data protection, and intermediary liability. Important for legal awareness in government exams.
Answer: True
Root (superuser) in Linux has UID 0 and bypasses all permission checks, allowing full system control. This power requires careful usage to avoid security risks. Best practice: use sudo for specific administrative tasks instead of logging in as root. Critical concept for system administration questions in technical exams.
Answer: False
IRDAI regulations require any entity underwriting insurance policies to be a registered insurer or corporate agent. InsurTech startups typically partner with licensed insurers as technology providers, aggregators, or distribution partners. Regulatory sandbox allows testing innovations, but core risk-bearing activities remain with regulated entities to protect policyholders.
Answer: True
Algorithmic accountability mandates transparency in AI systems: documenting data sources, model design, testing results, and decision logic. Enables auditing, bias detection, and redressal. Supported by DPDP Act, sectoral guidelines, and global frameworks. Critical for high-stakes AI in finance, healthcare, and governance where decisions impact rights and opportunities.
Answer: True
Lists ([]) can be modified after creation: append, remove, change elements. Tuples (()) cannot be changed once created, making them hashable and usable as dictionary keys. Immutability provides safety for fixed data, while mutability offers flexibility for dynamic collections. Choosing appropriately improves code correctness and performance.
Answer: True
Zener diode operates in reverse breakdown region to maintain constant voltage across load despite input variations or load changes. Used in voltage regulators, reference circuits, and overvoltage protection. Key parameter: Zener voltage (Vz). Different from regular diodes which block reverse current until breakdown (which may damage them).
Answer: True
Beamforming uses antenna arrays to steer radio waves directionally toward users instead of omnidirectional broadcast. Benefits: higher signal-to-noise ratio, extended coverage, reduced interference, and energy efficiency. Critical for mmWave 5G which has limited propagation. Implemented via digital, analog, or hybrid beamforming techniques.
Answer: False
Neo-banks in India are tech-first platforms that partner with licensed banks/NBFCs to offer banking services. RBI does not grant independent banking licenses to neo-banks yet. They focus on UX, analytics, and niche segments while regulated partners handle core banking, compliance, and balance sheet activities. Regulatory evolution ongoing.
Answer: True
DPDP Act 2023 mandates explicit, informed, and specific consent for processing sensitive personal data (biometrics, health, sexual orientation, etc.). Consent must be withdrawable, and purpose limitation applies. Additional safeguards: data minimization, storage limitation, and enhanced rights for data principals. Critical for AI systems using sensitive data.
Answer: False
Recursion typically uses MORE memory due to call stack overhead for each recursive call. Risk of stack overflow for deep recursion. Iteration uses constant memory with loops. However, recursion can simplify code for tree/graph problems, divide-and-conquer algorithms. Tail recursion optimization (in some languages) can mitigate memory issues.
Answer: True
Ohm's Law: I = V/R, where I=current (Amperes), V=voltage (Volts), R=resistance (Ohms). Fundamental for circuit analysis, component selection, and troubleshooting. Applies to ohmic materials at constant temperature. Non-ohmic devices (diodes, transistors) have non-linear V-I characteristics requiring advanced modeling.