GK Questions

Answer: Rajasthan

Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps) is Rajasthan's state bird. <150 individuals remain due to habitat loss, power lines. Conservation priority under Project Great Indian Bustard. [[MoEFCC, NCERT Biology Class 12]]

Answer: SO₂

SO₂ and NOₓ from industries/vehicles react with atmospheric water to form H₂SO₄ and HNO₃, causing acid rain (pH < 5.6). Damages monuments, ecosystems, health. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 11, CPCB Reports]]

Answer: Medulla Oblongata

Medulla oblongata (brainstem) regulates vital autonomic functions: respiration, cardiovascular activity, vomiting, coughing. Damage can be fatal. Critical for neurophysiology. [[NCERT Biology Class 11]]

Answer: Remove an electron from the surface

Work function (φ) is the threshold energy for photoelectric emission. Einstein's equation: K_max = hν - φ. Central to quantum explanation of photoelectric effect. [[NCERT Physics Class 12]]

Answer: Unified Payment Interface

UPI enables instant bank-to-bank transactions via mobile apps (Google Pay, PhonePe, etc.). Developed by NPCI; revolutionized digital payments in India. Key for banking awareness. [[NPCI Reports, RBI Guidelines]]

Answer: NH₃

Hydrogen bonding occurs when H is bonded to highly electronegative N, O, or F. NH₃ forms intermolecular H-bonds, explaining its high boiling point vs. PH₃. Critical for molecular properties. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 11]]

Answer: Bacillus thuringiensis

Bt gene produces Cry protein toxic to bollworm larvae but safe for humans. First commercially approved GM crop in India (2002). Important for biotechnology and agriculture. [[DBT Reports, NCERT Biology Class 12]]

Answer: Diopters

Lens power P = 1/f (in meters), unit: diopter (D). Positive for convex, negative for concave lenses. Used in prescribing corrective eyewear. [[NCERT Physics Class 10]]

Answer: Thar Desert

India has four hotspots: Himalayas, Indo-Burma, Sundaland, Western Ghats. Thar Desert, while ecologically important, isn't classified as a hotspot (requires >1,500 endemic plants and >70% habitat loss). [[MoEFCC, NCERT Biology Class 12]]

Answer: Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu leads in wind energy (~10 GW), leveraging coastal winds. India ranks 4th globally in wind power. Important for energy and current affairs sections. [[MNRE Reports, NCERT Geography Class 11]]

Answer: Mitochondria

Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular respiration (Krebs cycle, ETC). They have their own DNA and ribosomes, supporting endosymbiotic theory. Fundamental cell biology concept. [[NCERT Biology Class 11]]

Answer: Machine Learning

Machine Learning algorithms identify patterns in data to make predictions/decisions. Subfields include supervised, unsupervised, reinforcement learning. Key emerging technology topic. [[NITI Aayog Reports]]

Answer: Ribose

RNA contains ribose sugar (with -OH at 2' carbon); DNA has deoxyribose (-H at 2' carbon). This structural difference affects stability and function of nucleic acids. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 12]]

Answer: Wave

Interference fringes in Young's experiment confirm light's wave nature (superposition principle). Photoelectric effect shows particle nature. Together they establish wave-particle duality. [[NCERT Physics Class 12]]

Answer: Malaria

Female Anopheles mosquito transmits Plasmodium parasites causing malaria. Dengue/Zika are spread by Aedes aegypti. Vector-borne disease knowledge is vital for health sections. [[NCERT Biology Class 12, NVBDCP Guidelines]]

Answer: Biochemical Oxygen Demand

BOD measures oxygen required by microbes to decompose organic matter in water. High BOD indicates severe pollution. Critical parameter in water quality assessment. [[CPCB Guidelines, NCERT Biology Class 12]]

Answer: CO₂

CO₂ has sp hybridization with two double bonds, resulting in linear shape (180° bond angle). H₂O (bent), NH₃ (pyramidal), CH₄ (tetrahedral). VSEPR theory application. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 11]]

Answer: Absorb neutrons

Control rods (cadmium/boron) absorb excess neutrons to regulate fission chain reaction. Moderators (heavy water/graphite) slow neutrons. Essential for understanding nuclear energy. [[NCERT Physics Class 12]]

Answer: HIV

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) attacks CD4+ T-cells, weakening the immune system. Untreated HIV infection leads to AIDS. Awareness of pathogens is crucial for health sections. [[NCERT Biology Class 12, NACO Guidelines]]

Answer: Iron

Finely divided iron with Mo promoter catalyzes N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃ at high pressure/temperature. Haber process is crucial for fertilizer production. Important industrial application of transition metals. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 12]]