Science – True/False – GK Questions

India hosts ~7-8% of global species despite having 2.4% of land area. It has four biodiversity hotspots: Himalayas, Indo-Burma, Sundaland, Western Ghats. Important for environment and geography sections. [[MoEFCC Reports, NCERT Biology Class 12]]

pH < 7 indicates acidic solution; pH > 7 is basic; pH = 7 is neutral. pH scale measures hydrogen ion concentration. Fundamental for acid-base chemistry in exams. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 10]]

Decomposers break down dead organisms, recycling nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus) into soil for producers. This sustains ecosystem productivity and is vital for biogeochemical cycles. [[NCERT Biology Class 12]]

Myopia is corrected using concave (diverging) lenses. Convex (converging) lenses correct hypermetropia (farsightedness). Understanding lens applications is essential for optics questions in exams. [[NCERT Physics Class 10]]

Wi-Fi operates on 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz radio frequency bands to transmit data wirelessly between devices and routers. Understanding this helps in troubleshooting network issues and cybersecurity awareness. [[NCERT Computer Science]]

Rusting (formation of hydrated iron(III) oxide) is a chemical change involving oxidation of iron in presence of oxygen and water. It alters chemical composition, unlike physical changes like melting. Important for basic chemistry concepts. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 10]]

Prokaryotes (e.g., bacteria) lack a membrane-bound nucleus; their DNA floats in the nucleoid region. Eukaryotes (plants, animals) have a true nucleus. This distinction is fundamental in biology classification. [[NCERT Biology Class 11]]

The second law states that entropy (disorder) of an isolated system never decreases; it either increases or remains constant. This explains irreversibility of natural processes and is fundamental in physics and engineering. [[NCERT Physics Class 11]]

Eutrophication occurs when nutrient runoff (from fertilizers, sewage) causes algal blooms. Depleted oxygen levels from decomposing algae kill aquatic life. It's a major water pollution issue addressed in environmental policies. [[NCERT Biology Class 12, CPCB Reports]]

RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile memory, meaning it loses stored data when power is turned off. Non-volatile memories like ROM, SSDs, or hard drives retain data without power. This distinction is critical in computer architecture. [[NCERT Computer Science]]

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is maternally inherited in humans. Sperm mitochondria are typically degraded after fertilization, so offspring inherit mtDNA exclusively from the mother. This is crucial for evolutionary studies and forensic analysis. [[NCERT Biology Class 12]]

Light travels fastest in vacuum (≈3×10⁸ m/s). In denser media like glass, light slows down due to refraction, with speed reducing to about 2×10⁸ m/s. This principle is fundamental in optics. [[NCERT Physics Class 12]]