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Answer: All of these
Resilience patterns: self-healing replaces failed instances, circuit breaker prevents cascading failures, retry logic handles transient errors.
Answer: PM-WANI
PM-WANI enables public Wi-Fi hotspots via PDOs using satellite/fiber backhaul. Aims to provide affordable internet access in rural/remote areas.
Answer: Both A and B
Programs under Digital India promote rural startups: CSCs for service delivery, agri-tech incubators. Critical for inclusive innovation.
Answer: NIDHI
NIDHI-PRAYAS (DST) provides prototyping grants for deep tech startups in strategic sectors. Part of national innovation ecosystem.
Answer: True
Startup India offers 3-year income tax exemption, self-certification compliance, fast-track patent examination for DPIIT-recognized startups.
Answer: True
Technological sovereignty promotes domestic R&D, manufacturing, standards to reduce strategic dependencies. Critical for India's tech policy and security.
Answer: Both A and B
Yield farming/liquidity mining rewards users with tokens for providing liquidity to DEX pools. Critical DeFi incentive mechanism with impermanent loss risks.
Answer: FIU-IND
Financial Intelligence Unit-India receives, analyzes, disseminates financial intelligence including crypto transactions. VASPs must register and report.
Answer: Both A and B
Neuromorphic chips use spiking neurons that fire only when needed, and event-driven computation that processes only changes. Critical for edge AI efficiency.
Answer: Protein / Molecular
Protein computing uses biomolecular interactions for parallel computation. Research stage with potential for ultra-low power, massive parallelism.
Answer: Knowledge
Zero-Knowledge Proofs enable proving statements without revealing underlying data. Critical for privacy-preserving authentication and selective disclosure.
Answer: Differential Privacy / DP
DP-SGD adds calibrated noise to gradients during training, providing differential privacy guarantees. Critical for privacy-preserving ML training.
Answer: True
Membership inference exploits model confidence scores to infer training data membership. Mitigation: differential privacy, regularization, output perturbation.
Answer: Both A and B
Data drift: input feature distribution changes; concept drift: relationship between features and target changes. Monitoring both enables timely model retraining.
Answer: Horizontal
Horizontal scaling adds more instances of stateless services to handle increased load. Contrasts with vertical scaling (upgrading instance size).
Answer: Semiconductor
India Semiconductor Mission implements ₹76,000 crore incentive scheme for semiconductor fabs, display fabs, ATMP, design ecosystem.
Answer: Tinkering
Atal Tinkering Labs provide makerspaces with tools for students to innovate. Fosters creativity, problem-solving, entrepreneurship from school level.
Answer: ASVS / Application Security Verification Standard
OWASP ASVS provides security requirements and testing guidelines for web applications. Critical for secure software development lifecycle.
Answer: All of these
DeFi risks: smart contract bugs enable fund theft, oracle manipulation feeds false prices, impermanent loss affects liquidity providers. Critical for DeFi security understanding.
Answer: Lower Energy Consumption
Neuromorphic chips achieve orders-of-magnitude better energy efficiency by mimicking brain's event-driven, sparse computation. Critical for edge AI and sustainable computing.