Filter by category, type, and difficulty. Reading is open for everyone.
Answer: True
Stablecoin types: fiat-collateralized (USDC), crypto-collateralized (DAI), algorithmic (failed Terra). Regulatory focus: reserve transparency, redemption rights, systemic risk mitigation. Critical for crypto ecosystem understanding.
Answer: PMLA
Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA) amended to include VASPs as reporting entities. Requires KYC, transaction monitoring, and suspicious activity reporting. Critical for crypto compliance framework.
Answer: Government Securities / G-Sec
e₹-W pilot tests real-time gross settlement of government securities transactions between banks and financial institutions. Aims to improve efficiency, reduce counterparty risk, and enable new financial products.
Answer: Token-based with Privacy
Token-based CBDC with privacy features (blind signatures, ZK-proofs) enables pseudonymous transactions while maintaining central bank oversight. Balances privacy with AML/CFT compliance requirements.
Answer: True
Edge computing reduces data transmission to cloud, lowering network energy use. Local processing enables real-time decisions with lower latency. Trade-off: managing distributed infrastructure complexity.
Answer: Additionality
Additionality requires proving project emissions reductions are beyond business-as-usual scenario. Critical for carbon market integrity: prevents crediting actions that would happen anyway. Verified through baseline methodologies.
Answer: Utilization / CCU
CCU (Carbon Capture and Utilization) transforms captured CO2 into products: synthetic fuels, plastics, concrete, chemicals. Creates economic value while reducing emissions. India researching CCU pathways under climate innovation.
Answer: Free Air Cooling
Free air cooling uses filtered outside air when ambient conditions permit, reducing chiller usage by 30-70%. Implemented in Google, Facebook data centers. Critical for PUE improvement and operational cost reduction.
Answer: True
Article 6.4 creates UN-supervised mechanism for trading emission reductions between countries, replacing CDM. Aims to ensure environmental integrity, avoid double counting, and support sustainable development.
Answer: Solar PV
Solar PV costs declined ~90% (2010-2020) due to manufacturing scale, technology improvements, and supply chain optimization. Now cheapest electricity source in many regions. India targets 500 GW renewable capacity by 2030.
Answer: Green / Energy-Efficient
Green programming optimizes algorithms, data structures, and code execution for lower CPU/memory usage, reducing energy footprint. Critical for sustainable software development and large-scale systems.
Answer: True
One carbon credit = 1 tonne CO2e reduced/removed. Traded in compliance markets (regulated caps) and voluntary markets (corporate ESG). Quality depends on additionality, permanence, and verification standards.
Answer: Direct Air Capture
DAC uses chemical sorbents to extract CO2 from ambient air, enabling carbon removal independent of emission sources. Energy-intensive but critical for net-zero pathways. India exploring DAC under climate strategy.
Answer: Situ / ISRU
ISRU extracts and processes lunar materials (regolith, water ice) for construction, life support, and propellant production. Critical for sustainable lunar bases and deep space exploration economics.
Answer: All of these
HTS combines: spot beams for focused coverage, frequency reuse for capacity multiplication, adaptive coding for link optimization. Enables 100+ Gbps throughput for broadband, backhaul, and enterprise services.
Answer: True
Cubesat standard (1U = 10x10x10 cm, up to 12U) enables low-cost access to space for research, technology demos, and education. India promotes Cubesats via ISRO and academic programs for capacity building.
Answer: Helium-3
Helium-3, deposited by solar wind on lunar surface, is a potential fuel for aneutronic fusion reactors producing minimal radioactive waste. Extraction remains technologically challenging but scientifically valuable.
Answer: Demand Assigned Multiple / DAMA
DAMA allocates satellite channels dynamically based on user demand, improving spectrum efficiency vs fixed allocation. Critical for cost-effective broadband services, especially in variable traffic scenarios.
Answer: Ion Propulsion
Ion thrusters use electric fields to accelerate ions, providing high specific impulse (fuel efficiency) with low thrust. Ideal for deep space missions: Dawn, BepiColombo. ISRO developing electric propulsion for future missions.
Answer: True
NASA's Artemis program: Artemis I (uncrewed test), Artemis II (crewed flyby), Artemis III (lunar landing). Includes Gateway lunar station and international partnerships. India signed Artemis Accords for cooperative exploration.