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Which sensor is commonly used in robots for detecting obstacles using sound waves?
- LIDAR
- Ultrasonic Sensor
- Infrared Sensor
- Camera
Answer: Ultrasonic Sensor
Ultrasonic sensors emit high-frequency sound waves and measure echo return time to calculate distance. Cost-effective for short-range obstacle detection in mobile robots, parking systems, and industrial automation. LIDAR uses laser for high-precision mapping; IR for proximity; cameras for visual recognition. Important for robotics fundamentals.
Which 3D printing technology uses a laser to fuse powdered material layer by layer?
- FDM
- SLA
- SLS
- BJ
Answer: SLS
SLS (Selective Laser Sintering) uses a laser to fuse polymer, metal, or ceramic powder particles into solid structures. No support structures needed as unsintered powder supports overhangs. Used for functional prototypes, end-use parts, and complex geometries. FDM extrudes filament; SLA cures resin; BJ binds powder with adhesive.
The industrial robot programming method where the robot is manually guided through tasks is called ________ Programming.
Answer: Lead-through / Teach Pendant
Lead-through programming involves physically guiding the robot arm through desired motions, which are recorded and replayed. Teach pendant uses a handheld controller for point-and-path programming. Both are common in manufacturing for tasks like welding, painting, and assembly. Important for industrial automation questions.
India's National Mission on Quantum Technologies & Applications (NM-QTA) has a budget allocation of ₹8000 crore for 5 years.
- True
- False
Answer: True
NM-QTA, launched in 2020, allocates ₹8000 crore over 5 years for research in quantum computing, communication, sensing, and materials. Implemented by DST with participation from IITs, IISc, and industry. Aims to position India as a global leader in quantum technologies. Critical for science policy and emerging tech questions.
Which platform provides open access to research papers and theses from Indian institutions?
- Shodhganga
- SWAYAM
- NPTEL
- e-PG Pathshala
Answer: Shodhganga
Shodhganga is a digital repository of Indian theses and dissertations hosted by INFLIBNET. Provides open access to research output, promoting knowledge sharing and avoiding duplication. Critical for academic research infrastructure and open science questions.
The PM-KISAN scheme uses Aadhaar authentication for direct benefit transfer to farmers.
- True
- False
Answer: True
PM-KISAN provides ₹6,000/year income support to farmer families via DBT. Aadhaar authentication ensures accurate beneficiary identification and reduces leakage. Integrated with land records and bank accounts. Critical for digital governance and agricultural welfare questions.
Which digital initiative enables portability of health insurance across providers?
- ABHA
- HCX
- e-Sanjeevani
- Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY
Answer: HCX
Health Claims Exchange (HCX) standardizes data formats and protocols for insurance claims, enabling seamless portability between insurers and providers. Reduces administrative burden and improves user experience. Critical for health financing reform and digital infrastructure questions.
The indigenous light combat helicopter developed by HAL for the Indian Army is called ________.
Answer: LCH Prachand
LCH (Light Combat Helicopter) Prachand is designed for high-altitude operations, armed with missiles, rockets, and cannon. Features composite structure, stealth features, and advanced avionics. Inducted into Army and Air Force. Represents self-reliance in rotary-wing combat platforms. Critical for defense indigenization questions.
Which healthtech startup pioneered AI-based radiology diagnostics in India?
- Practo
- Portea
- Qure.ai
- PharmEasy
Answer: Qure.ai
Qure.ai develops AI algorithms for interpreting medical images (X-rays, CT scans) to detect TB, pneumonia, and other conditions. Deployed in public health programs and hospitals globally. Represents India's strength in AI for social impact. Important for healthtech innovation questions.
The National Digital Education Architecture (NDEAR) provides blueprints for interoperable education technology systems.
- True
- False
Answer: True
NDEAR is a framework of specifications and standards enabling interoperability among education apps, platforms, and data systems. Supports innovation while ensuring privacy, security, and portability. Critical for scalable, inclusive digital education ecosystem under NEP 2020.
Which technology uses satellite data for crop yield estimation and insurance assessment?
- Remote Sensing
- IoT Sensors
- Blockchain
- AI Chatbots
Answer: Remote Sensing
Remote sensing via satellites (like Resourcesat, Sentinel) provides multispectral imagery for crop health monitoring, acreage estimation, and yield prediction. Used in PMFBY (crop insurance) for objective loss assessment. Critical for technology-enabled agricultural policy and risk management questions.
The national registry of health facilities and professionals under ABDM is called Health Facility Registry and ________ Registry.
Answer: Healthcare Professionals
ABDM includes HFR (Health Facility Registry) and HPR (Healthcare Professionals Registry) to create verified directories of providers. Enables discovery, credentialing, and interoperable service delivery. Critical for digital health infrastructure and governance questions.
The Startup India Seed Fund Scheme provides financial assistance for proof of concept and commercialization.
- True
- False
Answer: True
SISFS provides up to ₹20 lakh for proof of concept and ₹50 lakh for commercialization via incubators. Targets early-stage startups in innovation-driven sectors. Part of Startup India ecosystem support. Critical for understanding government funding mechanisms for entrepreneurship.
Which initiative provides digital infrastructure for online examinations and assessments?
- PARAKH
- DIKSHA
- SWAYAM
- National Testing Agency Portal
Answer: PARAKH
PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development) is proposed under NEP 2020 as a national assessment center. Will set standards, conduct surveys, and promote technology-enabled assessments. Critical for education reform and quality assurance questions.
The mobile app that provides weather-based crop advisory to farmers is called ________.
Answer: Meghdoot / mKisan
Meghdoot (by IMD & ICAR) provides location-specific weather forecasts and crop advisories via SMS/app. mKisan sends relevant information from agricultural scientists. Both leverage ICT for climate-resilient farming. Critical for agricultural extension and digital inclusion questions.
Which technology enables AI-based triage of patients in emergency departments?
- Electronic Health Records
- Clinical Decision Support Systems
- Telemedicine
- Wearable Monitors
Answer: Clinical Decision Support Systems
CDSS use AI/ML to analyze patient data, symptoms, and guidelines to assist clinicians in diagnosis and treatment decisions. Enable rapid triage, reduce errors, and standardize care. Integrated with EHRs for real-time insights. Important for AI in healthcare and hospital management questions.
The BrahMos missile is a joint venture between India and Russia for supersonic cruise missiles.
- True
- False
Answer: True
BrahMos Aerospace is a JV between DRDO and Russia's NPO Mashinostroyeniya. BrahMos missiles (290-450 km range, Mach 2.8-3 speed) are deployed by Army, Navy, and Air Force. Land-attack variant tested successfully. Represents successful international defense collaboration. Critical for strategic studies questions.
Which edtech startup became India's most valuable startup before going public?
- Byju's
- Unacademy
- upGrad
- Vedantu
Answer: Byju's
Byju's achieved peak valuation of $22 billion in 2022, becoming India's most valuable startup. Founded in 2011, it offers personalized learning apps for K-12 and test prep. Represents scale and global ambition of Indian edtech. Important for entrepreneurship and economy questions.
The national platform for open educational resources in higher education is called ________.
Answer: SWAYAM / NPTEL
SWAYAM hosts NPTEL courses from IITs/IIMs alongside content from other institutions. Offers certificates transferable to academic records. Supports lifelong learning and skill development. Critical for NEP 2020's flexible education framework. Important for digital education policy questions.
Which initiative uses blockchain for transparent tracking of agricultural supply chains?
- e-NAM
- Agri-Stack
- Kisan Credit Card
- PM-KISAN
Answer: Agri-Stack
Agri-Stack is a federated digital ecosystem creating farmer IDs, land records, and crop data with consent-based sharing. Blockchain pilots enable traceability from farm to fork, reducing fraud and improving market access. Part of Digital Agriculture Mission. Important for AgriTech innovation questions.