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Which Indian mission aims to send astronauts to low Earth orbit by 2025-26?
- Chandrayaan-4
- Gaganyaan
- Aditya-L2
- Shukrayaan
Answer: Gaganyaan
Gaganyaan is ISRO's human spaceflight program to send 3-4 astronauts to ~400 km orbit for 3-7 days. Includes crew module, service module, life support, and crew escape system. Multiple uncrewed test flights precede crewed mission. Represents milestone in India's space capabilities and technological self-reliance.
Which technology enables sign language recognition for real-time translation in video calls?
- OCR
- Computer Vision + AI
- Speech Recognition
- Natural Language Processing
Answer: Computer Vision + AI
Sign language recognition uses computer vision (pose estimation, hand tracking) and deep learning to interpret gestures and translate to text/speech. Pilots by IITs and startups for inclusive communication. Challenges: regional sign language variations and real-time accuracy. Critical for assistive technology questions.
The mobile app that provides location-based disaster alerts and safety tips to citizens is called ________.
Answer: NDMA App / Disaster Alert
NDMA and state SDMAs operate mobile apps providing real-time alerts for cyclones, floods, earthquakes, and heatwaves. Features: GPS-based warnings, emergency contacts, preparedness checklists, and crowd-sourced damage reporting. Critical for last-mile communication and community resilience questions.
Which technology area sees India among global leaders in terms of talent pool and startup ecosystem?
- Semiconductor Manufacturing
- AI/ML Software Development
- Quantum Hardware
- Aerospace Engineering
Answer: AI/ML Software Development
India ranks among top countries in AI research publications, skilled workforce (IITs, NITs), and AI startups (1000+). Strengths in software, data services, and frugal innovation. Gaps remain in hardware, foundational research, and compute infrastructure. Critical for understanding India's tech competitiveness questions.
The Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act 2023 came into full force immediately after presidential assent.
- True
- False
Answer: False
DPDP Act 2023 received assent in August 2023 but provisions are being notified in phases. Rules for Data Protection Board, compliance requirements, and transitional arrangements are being finalized. Organizations must prepare for consent management, data principal rights, and breach reporting. Critical for legal compliance questions.
The Indian standard for web accessibility that government websites must follow is called ________ 3.0.
Answer: GIGW
GIGW (Guidelines for Indian Government Websites) 3.0 mandates WCAG 2.1 AA compliance for accessibility: keyboard navigation, alt text, color contrast, ARIA labels. Audited by NIC and MeitY. Ensures inclusive access to e-governance services for persons with disabilities. Critical for digital governance and compliance questions.
Which technology enables real-time flood forecasting using rainfall data and river gauge measurements?
- Hydrological Modeling
- Weather Radar
- Satellite Altimetry
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Flood forecasting integrates: hydrological models (rainfall-runoff simulation), weather radar (precipitation estimation), satellite altimetry (river levels), and IoT sensors (real-time gauges). CWC and IMD operate systems for major river basins. Critical for early warning and disaster risk reduction questions.
India's UPI system has inspired similar real-time payment frameworks in countries like Singapore, UAE, and France.
- True
- False
Answer: True
UPI's success (11+ billion monthly transactions) has led to international adoption: Singapore's PayNow-UPI linkage, UAE's integration, and discussions with France, UK, and others. NPCI International promotes UPI-like systems globally. Represents India's leadership in digital public infrastructure and fintech innovation.
Which Indian initiative provides free high-speed internet to students in rural areas via satellite?
- BharatNet
- PM-WANI
- Digital Sky
- OneWeb India
Answer: PM-WANI
PM-WANI (Prime Minister's Wi-Fi Access Network Interface) enables public Wi-Fi hotspots via PDOs (Public Data Offices) using satellite/fiber backhaul. Aims to provide affordable internet access in rural/remote areas for education, telemedicine, and e-governance. Part of Digital India's connectivity pillar.
Which feature in smartphones helps hearing-impaired users by converting speech to text in real-time?
- Voice Assistant
- Live Caption
- Haptic Feedback
- Magnifier
Answer: Live Caption
Live Caption (Android/iOS) uses on-device AI to generate real-time captions for any audio (calls, videos, podcasts), aiding hearing-impaired users. Works offline for privacy. Part of broader accessibility suite: screen readers, color correction, switch access. Critical for inclusive design and digital empowerment questions.
The Indian Tsunami Early Warning Centre (ITEWC) uses seismic sensors and buoy networks for real-time tsunami detection.
- True
- False
Answer: True
ITEWC (under INCOIS) operates seismic stations, bottom pressure recorders (tsunameters), and tide gauges to detect earthquakes and tsunami waves in Indian Ocean. Issues alerts within minutes to coastal authorities. Integrated with global warning systems. Critical for disaster preparedness and ocean technology questions.
Which country leads in global semiconductor manufacturing capacity as of 2026?
- USA
- South Korea
- Taiwan
- India
Answer: Taiwan
Taiwan (TSMC) holds ~60% of global semiconductor foundry market and ~90% of advanced nodes (<7nm). Strategic importance drives global efforts (US CHIPS Act, India Semiconductor Mission) to diversify supply chains. Critical for understanding geopolitics of technology and supply chain resilience questions.
The Indian government's policy framework for responsible AI development is called National Strategy for ________.
Answer: Artificial Intelligence / #AIforAll
#AIforAll strategy (NITI Aayog, 2018) focuses on leveraging AI for inclusive growth across healthcare, agriculture, education, smart cities, and mobility. Emphasizes research, skilling, data governance, and ethical principles. Updated frameworks address generative AI, data protection, and global cooperation. Critical for AI policy questions.
The Accessible India Campaign (Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan) mandates digital accessibility standards for government websites.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan implements Guidelines for Indian Government Websites (GIGW) 3.0, aligned with WCAG 2.1, ensuring websites/apps are perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust for persons with disabilities. Critical for inclusive digital governance and compliance with Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016.
Which technology uses satellite imagery and AI to assess damage after natural disasters?
- GIS Mapping
- Remote Sensing + AI
- Drone Survey
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Post-disaster assessment combines: satellite/drone imagery for wide-area coverage, AI for automated damage detection (buildings, roads), and GIS for spatial analysis and resource allocation. Used by NDMA, ISRO, and state agencies for rapid response. Critical for disaster management and geospatial technology questions.
The global alliance for developing open 5G/6G network standards with interoperable components is called ________ Alliance.
Answer: O-RAN
O-RAN (Open Radio Access Network) Alliance promotes open interfaces, virtualization, and AI-driven optimization in mobile networks. Enables multi-vendor interoperability, innovation, and cost reduction. India actively participates to build indigenous 5G/6G ecosystem. Critical for telecom policy and technology sovereignty questions.
Which initiative launched in 2024 aims to develop indigenous semiconductor manufacturing in India?
- India Semiconductor Mission
- Make in India 2.0
- Digital India Bhashini
- National AI Strategy
Answer: India Semiconductor Mission
India Semiconductor Mission (under MeitY) implements ₹76,000 crore incentive scheme for semiconductor fabs, display fabs, and design ecosystem. Partnerships with global players (TSMC, Micron) announced. Critical for reducing import dependence and building strategic technology self-reliance. Important for industrial policy questions.
Which technology enables visually impaired users to interact with smartphones using voice commands?
- OCR
- Screen Reader
- Speech Synthesis
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Accessibility features combine: Screen Readers (TalkBack, VoiceOver) narrate UI elements, OCR converts images to speech, and Speech Synthesis provides audio feedback. Integrated into Android/iOS for inclusive digital access. Critical for digital inclusion and assistive technology questions under Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act.
The satellite-based system for early warning of cyclones and floods in India is operated by ________.
Answer: IMD / ISRO
IMD (India Meteorological Department) uses INSAT/GSAT satellites, Doppler weather radars, and numerical models for cyclone tracking and flood forecasting. ISRO provides satellite data and infrastructure. Early warnings enable evacuation and disaster preparedness, saving lives and property. Critical for disaster management questions.
India is among the top three countries in terms of 5G network deployment speed as of 2026.
- True
- False
Answer: True
India achieved one of the world's fastest 5G rollouts, covering 300+ cities within 18 months of spectrum auction (2022-2024). Driven by competitive telecom operators, government policy support, and indigenous technology development. Important for telecom infrastructure and digital India questions.