Medium Level – GK Questions

Appendix I lists species threatened with extinction (trade prohibited), Appendix II regulates trade, and Appendix III includes species protected in at least one country.

The Rotterdam Convention promotes shared responsibility in international trade of hazardous chemicals through a PIC procedure.

This principle, upheld by the Supreme Court, holds polluters financially responsible for environmental harm they cause.

SPCBs grant consent under Sections 25/26 of the Water Act and Sections 21/22 of the Air Act for industrial operations.

The EIA Notification 2006 mandates environmental clearance for specified projects after assessing potential impacts and mitigation measures.

These rules regulate the management, handling, and transboundary movement of hazardous wastes under the umbrella EPA 1986.

The Green India Mission aims to increase forest/tree cover, improve ecosystem services, and enhance forest-based livelihoods.

The Forest Rights Act recognizes the rights of forest-dwelling communities over land and resources, aiming to correct historical injustices.

Section 3 of the EPA 1986 empowers the Central Government to take all necessary measures for environmental protection and improvement.

La Niña, characterized by cooler Pacific waters, often strengthens the Indian monsoon, while El Niño tends to weaken it.

Burning fossil fuels for electricity and heat accounts for the largest share of global GHG emissions, primarily CO2.

NAPCC includes eight missions; NMEEE aims to reduce energy intensity of the economy through market-based mechanisms.

CO2 dissolves in seawater forming carbonic acid, lowering pH and threatening marine organisms with calcium carbonate shells.

IPCC assesses scientific information on climate change and provides policymakers with regular assessments to inform climate policy.

Warming oceans expand and melting glaciers/ice sheets add water, causing sea levels to rise and threaten coastal areas.

5. coli is used as an indicator because its presence suggests recent fecal contamination and potential presence of other pathogens.

Ground-level ozone is a harmful pollutant causing respiratory problems; stratospheric ozone protects against UV radiation.

Biomagnification causes toxins like DDT or mercury to increase in concentration as they move up the food chain, affecting top predators most.

Use of firewood, dung cakes, and crop residues in traditional chulhas releases harmful pollutants like carbon monoxide and particulate matter indoors.

Warmer water holds less dissolved oxygen; thermal discharge from industries can stress or kill fish and other aquatic organisms.