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The technology underlying most cryptocurrencies that enables decentralized consensus is called ________.
- Serverless
- Water Ice / Oxygen
- Blockchain
- dimensions
Answer: Blockchain
Blockchain is distributed ledger using cryptographic hashing and consensus mechanisms (PoW, PoS) for tamper-resistant record-keeping. Foundation for Bitcoin, Ethereum, and many CBDC prototypes.
The Indian tax provision that imposes 30% tax on income from virtual digital assets is Section ________ of Income Tax Act.
- 800-207
- 1,00,000
- 194S
- 115BBH
Answer: 115BBH
Section 115BBH (introduced FY 2022-23) taxes crypto income at 30% plus cess, with 1% TDS on transactions. No loss offset allowed. Critical for crypto taxation compliance questions.
The metric that measures data center energy efficiency is called Power Usage ________.
- Latency
- Effectiveness / PUE
- Digital India / UPI
- ASVS / Application Security Verification Standard
Answer: Effectiveness / PUE
PUE = Total Facility Energy / IT Equipment Energy. Ideal PUE is 1.0; modern data centers achieve 1.1-1.3. Critical for measuring and improving data center sustainability.
The mechanism that allows countries to trade carbon credits for emission reductions is called ________ Trading.
- Water Ice / Oxygen
- Carbon / Emissions
- Identity
- Quantum
Answer: Carbon / Emissions
Carbon trading (cap-and-trade) sets emission limits and allows trading of allowances. India exploring carbon markets under Climate Change Act. Critical for climate policy and finance questions.
The frequency band used for high-bandwidth satellite internet in Ka-band is ________ GHz.
- 115BBH
- 26.5-40
- 4.0
- 7
Answer: 26.5-40
Ka-band (26.5-40 GHz) offers high bandwidth for satellite broadband but susceptible to rain attenuation. Requires adaptive coding and ground station diversity. Critical for satellite communication planning.
The Indian regional navigation satellite system providing positioning services is called ________.
- NavIC
- CERT
- SSH
- SPADEX
Answer: NavIC
NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) has 7 satellites providing positioning accuracy better than 20m over India and 1500 km surrounding area. Alternative to GPS for strategic autonomy.
The quantum phenomenon where particles remain correlated regardless of distance is called ________.
- du
- Entanglement
- Interoperability
- Dynamic
Answer: Entanglement
Quantum entanglement enables correlated states between particles, foundational for quantum teleportation, superdense coding, and quantum computing. Critical for understanding quantum information science.
The measure of how long a qubit maintains quantum state before decoherence is called ________ Time.
- Coherence
- Stratified
- Knowledge
- Kubernetes
Answer: Coherence
Coherence time (T1 for energy relaxation, T2 for phase decoherence) determines how many quantum operations can be performed before errors dominate. Longer coherence enables more complex algorithms.
The quantum algorithm that threatens RSA encryption by factoring large integers efficiently is ________ Algorithm.
- Shor's
- Effectiveness / PUE
- Differential Privacy / DP
- Nature-based / Biological
Answer: Shor's
Shor's Algorithm factors integers in polynomial time on quantum computers, breaking RSA which relies on factoring difficulty. Requires fault-tolerant quantum computers not yet available. Critical for post-quantum cryptography planning.
The practice of regularly auditing AI systems for bias and performance is called AI ________.
- Web Application / DAST
- Auditing / Assessment
- Canary
- CARTOSAT / EOS
Answer: Auditing / Assessment
AI Auditing involves systematic evaluation of models for fairness, accuracy, robustness, and compliance. Tools include bias detection frameworks, performance metrics, and third-party assessments. Critical for responsible AI deployment.
The AI approach that ensures humans can monitor and override automated decisions is called human ________.
- Differential Privacy / DP
- Red Team / Penetration
- Coherence
- in-the-loop
Answer: in-the-loop
Human-in-the-loop (HITL) ensures human oversight of AI decisions, especially in high-stakes domains. Critical for accountability, error correction, and ethical compliance. Complements human-on-the-loop supervision.
The initiative for global cooperation on cybersecurity capacity building is called Global Cybersecurity ________.
- Response
- Forum / Index
- Masked
- Continuous
Answer: Forum / Index
ITU Global Cybersecurity Index assesses national cybersecurity commitment; forums facilitate knowledge sharing. India ranks high in GCI. Critical for international cybersecurity questions.
The protocol that enables secure remote access to network devices is called ________.
- SSH
- SPADEX
- TDMA
- NPCI
Answer: SSH
SSH (Secure Shell) encrypts remote command execution and file transfer, replacing insecure Telnet. Critical for secure network administration.
The practice of defining security policies as code for automated enforcement is called Security as ________.
- IPR / Intellectual Property Rights
- Code / Policy as Code
- Astra
- Model / Pipeline
Answer: Code / Policy as Code
Security as Code (Open Policy Agent, AWS Config Rules) defines policies in declarative code, enabling version control, testing, and automated enforcement. Critical for scalable security governance.
The pattern that isolates external system interactions for testability is called ________ Pattern.
- Events / Messages
- Vector
- Code / Policy as Code
- Adapter / Anti-Corruption Layer
Answer: Adapter / Anti-Corruption Layer
Adapter/ACL patterns wrap external APIs, translating between internal models and external interfaces. Critical for maintainable integrations and testing.
The platform that enables online verification of educational certificates is called ________.
- ASVS / Application Security Verification Standard
- India
- AI-based / Machine Learning
- Academic Bank of Credits / DigiLocker
Answer: Academic Bank of Credits / DigiLocker
ABC stores academic credits digitally; DigiLocker stores certificates. Both enable instant verification for admissions, jobs, reducing fraud.
The initiative for global cooperation on AI safety and governance is called Global Partnership on ________.
- Tokenization
- chmod
- Artificial Intelligence / GPAI
- e-Filing Portal
Answer: Artificial Intelligence / GPAI
GPAI (founded 2020) brings together experts for responsible AI development: research, policy, best practices. India is founding member. Critical for international AI governance questions.
The protocol that enables automatic discovery of network services and devices is called ________ Discovery Protocol.
- kube-scheduler
- Worm
- LLDP / CDP
- ASVS / Application Security Verification Standard
Answer: LLDP / CDP
LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol, IEEE) and CDP (Cisco Discovery Protocol) enable devices to advertise identity/capabilities. Critical for network management and troubleshooting.
The practice of automatically remediating security misconfigurations in cloud environments is called ________ Remediation.
- Aadhaar
- LCH Prachand
- Automated / Self-Healing
- Code
Answer: Automated / Self-Healing
Automated remediation uses policies and scripts to fix misconfigurations (e.g., close public ports) without manual intervention. Critical for scalable cloud security operations.
The pattern that decouples producers and consumers of messages using an intermediary is called ________ Architecture.
- Publish-Subscribe / Message Queue
- Cellular / Biological
- Columnar
- Domain-Driven Design / DDD
Answer: Publish-Subscribe / Message Queue
Pub-Sub uses brokers (Kafka, RabbitMQ) for asynchronous communication, enabling scalability and resilience. Critical for event-driven and microservices architectures.