Fill in the Blank – GK Questions

Progressive Artists' Group (M.F. Husain, F.N. Souza, S.H. Raza, etc.) fused Indian subject matter with Western modernist techniques (Cubism, Expressionism). They shaped post-independence Indian art's global identity.

Hornbill Festival (December 1-10) in Nagaland promotes inter-tribal interaction and preserves Naga heritage through music, dance, crafts, and indigenous games. Named after the hornbill bird, revered in Naga folklore.

Tripitaka (Three Baskets) - Vinaya, Sutta, Abhidhamma - were compiled in Pali after the First Buddhist Council (c. 483 BCE) at Rajagriha. Pali Canon remains foundational to Theravada Buddhism across South and Southeast Asia.

Badal Sircar (1925-2011) pioneered 'Third Theatre' (Anganmancha), rejecting commercial and proscenium conventions. His minimalist, participatory performances in public spaces addressed social issues and democratized theatre access.

Samkaleen Bharatiya Sahitya features literary criticism, poetry, and fiction across India's scheduled languages. It promotes scholarly discourse and creative expression, serving as a platform for emerging and established writers.

NMA (2011) enforces the 100-meter prohibited zone and 200-meter regulated zone around ASI-protected monuments. It grants permissions for construction, ensuring heritage sites are preserved from urban encroachment and damage.

Bharat Rang Mahotsav (since 1999) showcases Indian and international theatre productions in Delhi and touring cities. It provides a platform for experimental, traditional, and contemporary performances, fostering artistic exchange.

Katha Prize (New Delhi-based NGO) honors translators who render Indian regional language literature into English. It promotes cross-linguistic access and has introduced global readers to diverse Indian voices.

NDLI (IIT Kharagpur) offers over 80 million multilingual educational resources: e-books, journals, theses, and videos. It supports students, researchers, and lifelong learners across India with open-access digital content.

Vijay Tendulkar (1928-2008) was a pioneering Marathi playwright whose works addressed social issues, power dynamics, and gender. His plays have been translated into multiple languages and adapted into acclaimed films.

Navayana publishes works on Dalit-Bahujan literature, anti-caste thought, and social justice. It has brought global attention to Indian writers like Bama, Omprakash Valmiki, and Kancha Ilaiah through translations and original works.

Instituted in 2006, this award (Sangeet Natak Akademi) honors artists under 40 for outstanding achievement in performing arts. Named after shehnai maestro Bismillah Khan, it encourages emerging talent and tradition preservation.

Sangeet Natak Akademi's project supports North Indian folk theatre forms: Nautanki (UP), Jatra (Bengal/Odisha), and Bhavai (Gujarat). These forms combine music, dance, satire, and social commentary, preserving regional narratives.

Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize (since 1989) honors translators who render literary works between any two of India's 22 scheduled languages. It promotes linguistic diversity and cross-cultural literary appreciation.

The 2010 Amendment to the 1958 Act introduced stricter regulations: prohibiting construction within 100m of protected monuments, requiring permissions for archaeological excavations, and enhancing penalties for heritage damage.

Ratan Thiyam founded Chorus Repertory Theatre (1976) in Imphal, Manipur. His productions blend Manipuri dance, martial arts (Thang-Ta), ritual, and contemporary themes, earning international acclaim for innovative Indian theatre.

Digital Library of India (2000) digitized over 50,000 out-of-copyright books, manuscripts, and rare texts in multiple Indian languages. It promotes open access to India's literary heritage for research and education.

Kala Sanskriti Vikas Yojana (Ministry of Culture) provides grants for training workshops, documentation, and performances in traditional performing and visual arts. It targets rural artists and endangered art forms.

Koodiyattam, Kerala's ancient Sanskrit theatre, was inscribed by UNESCO in 2001 (India's first Intangible Heritage). Performed in temple theatres (Koothambalams), it combines acting, music, and elaborate hand gestures.

Indian Literature (since 1958) features translations of poetry, fiction, and essays from India's 22 scheduled languages into English, and vice versa. It promotes multilingual literary exchange and critical discourse.