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The ASEAN Way, a distinctive approach to regional cooperation, emphasizes non-interference in internal affairs, consensus-based decision-making, and quiet diplomacy over legalistic or confrontational methods.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The ASEAN Way reflects Southeast Asian political culture: prioritizing sovereignty, consultation, and incremental progress. While criticized for slow responses to crises, it has maintained regional peace, facilitated economic integration, and built trust among diverse members.
The BRICS New Development Bank (NDB) approves projects using the local currencies of member countries to reduce dependence on the US dollar and mitigate exchange rate risks.
- True
- False
Answer: True
NDB promotes local currency financing to enhance financial resilience among emerging economies. It has issued bonds in Chinese yuan, South African rand, and Indian rupees, and aims to increase local currency lending to reduce vulnerability to external shocks and dollar volatility.
WHO's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), the first global public health treaty, entered into force in 2005 and provides evidence-based measures to reduce tobacco demand and supply.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The WHO FCTC has 182 parties covering over 90% of the world's population. It mandates measures like tobacco taxation, smoke-free environments, advertising bans, health warnings, and support for cessation, significantly contributing to global tobacco control efforts.
The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted in 2015, comprise 17 goals and 169 targets to be achieved by 2030, covering economic, social, and environmental dimensions of sustainable development.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, with its 17 SDGs, is a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity. All UN member states have committed to achieving these interconnected goals through national policies and global partnerships.
The IMF's Resilience and Sustainability Trust (RST), established in 2022, provides affordable long-term financing to help low-income and vulnerable middle-income countries address structural challenges like climate change and pandemic preparedness.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The RST channels voluntary contributions from member countries to provide concessional financing with long maturities. It supports reforms that build resilience to long-term structural risks, complementing traditional IMF lending focused on balance of payments needs.
WIPO's Development Agenda, adopted in 2007, ensures that development considerations form an integral part of the Organization's work, balancing IP protection with public interest goals like access to knowledge and technology transfer.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The WIPO Development Agenda comprises 45 recommendations across six clusters, emphasizing technical assistance, technology transfer, access to medicines, and capacity-building for developing countries. It ensures IP systems support innovation while addressing development needs.
ITU's Partner2Connect Digital Coalition mobilizes resources and commitments to achieve universal and meaningful digital connectivity, particularly in underserved communities, advancing the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Launched in 2022, Partner2Connect is a multi-stakeholder platform that catalyzes pledges for affordable connectivity, digital adoption, and skills development. It focuses on least developed countries, landlocked developing states, and small island developing states to leave no one behind in the digital era.
UNIDO's Global Network of Green Industry Platforms supports countries in transitioning to resource-efficient, low-carbon industrial production through policy advice, technology transfer, and capacity building.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Green Industry Platforms foster multi-stakeholder dialogue and action on sustainable industrial practices. They promote circular economy models, clean technologies, energy efficiency, and eco-innovation to decouple industrial growth from environmental degradation and climate impact.
The WCO's Time Release Study (TRS) methodology measures the average time taken to release/clear goods at borders, identifying bottlenecks and informing trade facilitation reforms.
- True
- False
Answer: True
TRS is a standardized WCO tool for diagnosing customs and border agency efficiency. By tracking goods movement from arrival to release, it pinpoints delays (documentation, inspections, payments) and supports evidence-based reforms to reduce trade costs and enhance competitiveness.
IHO's Capacity Building and Development Committee (CBDC) assists developing coastal states in building hydrographic capabilities through training, equipment support, and knowledge transfer to improve maritime safety and ocean management.
- True
- False
Answer: True
CBDC coordinates IHO's capacity development activities: scholarships, regional training centers, hydrographic survey assistance, and mentorship. This empowers developing states to chart their waters, support safe navigation, manage marine resources, and participate in global ocean governance.
The OECD's Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Project addresses tax avoidance strategies that exploit gaps and mismatches in tax rules to artificially shift profits to low- or no-tax locations.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The BEPS Project, involving over 140 jurisdictions, developed 15 actions to ensure multinationals pay tax where economic activity occurs. Key outcomes include country-by-country reporting, anti-abuse rules, and the global minimum tax (Pillar Two) to create a fairer international tax system.
IMO's Initial Strategy on reduction of GHG emissions from ships aims to reduce total annual GHG emissions by at least 50% by 2050 compared to 2008, with a vision to phase them out entirely.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Adopted in 2018 and revised in 2023, IMO's GHG Strategy sets increasingly ambitious targets: peak emissions ASAP, reduce carbon intensity by 40% by 2030, cut total annual GHG emissions by at least 50% by 2050 (vs. 2008), and pursue net-zero 'by or around' 2050.
WFP's Purchase for Progress (P4P) initiative links smallholder farmers to reliable markets by providing training, facilitating aggregation, and connecting them to WFP and other buyers, thereby increasing incomes and food security.
- True
- False
Answer: True
P4P, operational in over 30 countries, transforms WFP's food assistance into a development tool. By sourcing locally where possible and supporting farmer organizations, it strengthens agricultural value chains, reduces post-harvest losses, and builds resilient local food systems.
ICAO's Universal Safety Oversight Audit Programme (USOAP) assesses member states' ability to oversee aviation safety through effective regulatory systems and implementation of SARPs.
- True
- False
Answer: True
USOAP conducts comprehensive audits of states' safety oversight capabilities across eight critical elements (e.g., legislation, licensing, surveillance). Results are published on the ICAO website, promoting transparency, accountability, and targeted assistance to improve global aviation safety.
The ILO's Decent Work Agenda comprises four strategic objectives: promoting jobs, guaranteeing rights at work, extending social protection, and promoting social dialogue.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Adopted in 1999, the Decent Work Agenda is ILO's framework for achieving fair globalization. It integrates employment creation, rights protection (core labour standards), social security coverage, and tripartite dialogue to ensure work is productive, delivers fair income, and provides security and dignity.
The IPPC's ePhyto Solution is a global system for the exchange of electronic phytosanitary certificates, reducing paper use, speeding up trade, and enhancing certificate authenticity and traceability.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The ePhyto Solution, managed by the IPPC Secretariat, enables secure, standardized electronic exchange of phytosanitary certificates between countries. It reduces costs, minimizes fraud risk, and accelerates customs clearance, facilitating safer and more efficient agricultural trade.
The IOC's Olympic Solidarity programme provides funding and support to National Olympic Committees (NOCs), particularly from developing countries, for athlete development, coach education, and NOC administration.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Olympic Solidarity, funded by broadcast rights revenue, promotes universality and equity in sport. It supports athlete scholarships, coach training, NOC management, and legacy projects, ensuring all NOCs can participate effectively in the Olympic Movement regardless of resources.
The IEA's Technology Collaboration Programmes (TCPs) facilitate international R&D cooperation on clean energy technologies, involving governments, industry, and research institutions.
- True
- False
Answer: True
IEA TCPs are autonomous, government-to-government agreements enabling joint research on specific technologies (e.g., solar PV, hydrogen, CCS). They accelerate innovation, share costs and risks, and facilitate knowledge transfer to deploy clean energy solutions globally.
The UPU's Postal Development Report monitors global postal sector performance, including access, reliability, affordability, and contribution to sustainable development goals.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Postal Development Report provides data and analysis on postal sector trends: digital transformation, financial inclusion, e-commerce logistics, and sustainability. It helps policymakers and operators benchmark performance and align postal services with broader development objectives.
UNEP's Emissions Gap Report annually assesses the difference between where global greenhouse gas emissions are heading and where they need to be to meet the Paris Agreement temperature goals.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Emissions Gap Report is a flagship UNEP publication. It quantifies the gap between current pledges (NDCs) and emissions pathways consistent with limiting warming to 1.5°C or 2°C, informing policymakers and the public on the urgency of enhanced climate action.