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Which technology converts sunlight directly into electricity using semiconductor materials?
- Solar Thermal
- Photovoltaic
- Wind Turbine
- Biomass
Answer: Photovoltaic
Photovoltaic (PV) cells use semiconductor materials (typically silicon) to convert photons from sunlight directly into electrical current via the photovoltaic effect. Solar thermal uses heat to generate steam for turbines. PV is the technology behind solar panels widely promoted under India's National Solar Mission.