Space – True/False – GK Questions

Jupiter radiates about twice the energy it absorbs from sunlight, generated by Kelvin-Helmholtz contraction and residual heat from formation.

Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) manages South Korea's space program, including Nuri launch vehicle and KPLO lunar orbiter.

While candidates exist (e.g., HLX-1), intermediate-mass black holes remain elusive and lack definitive confirmation compared to stellar-mass and supermassive black holes.

Discovered in 1977 via stellar occultation, Uranus' 13 known rings are narrow, opaque, and dark, likely containing radiation-processed organic compounds.

UKSA is the executive agency of the UK government responsible for civil space policy, regulation, and international cooperation.

Pulsars are highly magnetized neutron stars rotating at precise intervals, emitting lighthouse-like beams detectable as regular pulses when aligned with Earth.

Hall thrusters ionize propellant (usually xenon) using electric fields, providing efficient low-thrust propulsion for station-keeping and orbit raising in modern satellites.

Saturn's mean density is 0.687 g/cm³, lower than water (1 g/cm³). Theoretically, if placed in a sufficiently large ocean, it would float.

ASTP was the first international crewed spaceflight, symbolizing détente during the Cold War, with American and Soviet spacecraft docking in orbit.

Stephen Hawking theorized that quantum effects near the event horizon cause black holes to emit thermal radiation, leading to gradual mass loss over immense timescales.

Callisto shows no signs of geological resurfacing, preserving impact craters dating back over 4 billion years, making it one of the most ancient surfaces known.

The H-R diagram is a fundamental tool in stellar astrophysics, classifying stars into main sequence, giants, supergiants, and white dwarfs based on absolute magnitude/luminosity vs. spectral class/temperature.

As of recent records, Peggy Whitson holds the record for most cumulative time in space by a woman (>675 days). Sunita Williams has significant time but not the record.

The total mass of the asteroid belt is less than 4% of the Moon's mass, far too little to form even a Mars-sized body. Ceres alone accounts for ~25% of the belt's mass.

Brown dwarfs have masses between giant planets and low-mass stars (~13-80 Jupiter masses). They may briefly fuse deuterium but never sustain stable hydrogen fusion.

Millions of pieces of defunct satellites, rocket stages, and fragments orbit Earth at high velocities, increasing collision risks and threatening sustainable space operations.

Triton has a retrograde orbit (opposite to Neptune's rotation), suggesting it was captured from the Kuiper Belt rather than forming in situ.

Roscosmos is the State Corporation for Space Activities of the Russian Federation. Ukraine has its own space agency, SSAU.

Unlike Jupiter and Saturn (gas giants dominated by hydrogen/helium), Uranus and Neptune contain higher proportions of 'ices' (water, ammonia, methane), hence termed ice giants.

The CMB is remarkably isotropic (uniform) at 2.725 K, with minute anisotropies (~1 part in 100,000) that seeded the formation of cosmic structures.