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Which organization leads the global One Health initiative in collaboration with FAO, UNEP, and WHO?
- World Bank
- OIE (WOAH)
- UNICEF
- IMF
Answer: OIE (WOAH)
WOAH (World Organisation for Animal Health, formerly OIE) co-leads the Quadripartite One Health partnership with FAO, UNEP, WHO. Addresses zoonoses, antimicrobial resistance, food safety at human-animal-environment interface. [[WHO, MoHFW Reports]]
The Bhopal gas tragedy (1984) involved the release of ________ gas from a pesticide plant.
- Chlorine
- Phosgene
- Methyl isocyanate
- Ammonia
Answer: Methyl isocyanate
MIC (CH₃NCO) leak from Union Carbide plant caused one of the world's worst industrial disasters. Led to strengthened environmental regulations, disaster management protocols, and corporate accountability norms in India. [[MoEFCC Reports]]
True or False: FAME India scheme promotes the adoption of electric and hybrid vehicles through subsidies and infrastructure development.
- True
- False
Answer: True
FAME (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles) Phase II (2019) supports EV demand incentives, charging infrastructure, and technology development. Critical for reducing transport emissions. [[DHI, MoHUA Reports]]
Thermoelectric generators convert heat directly into electricity using the ________ effect.
- Photoelectric
- Seebeck
- Peltier
- Thomson
Answer: Seebeck
Seebeck effect: temperature gradient across dissimilar conductors generates voltage. Used in space probes (RTGs), waste heat recovery. Peltier effect is reverse (electricity → cooling). [[NCERT Physics Class 12]]
BharatNet aims to provide high-speed broadband connectivity to all ________ in India.
- Cities
- Towns
- Gram Panchayats
- Districts
Answer: Gram Panchayats
BharatNet (formerly NOFN) is the world's largest rural broadband project, connecting ~2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats via optical fiber. Enables e-governance, telemedicine, education in rural India. [[MeitY Reports]]
True or False: Herd immunity occurs when a sufficient proportion of a population becomes immune to a disease, reducing its spread.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Herd immunity threshold depends on R₀ (basic reproduction number). Achieved via vaccination or prior infection. Protects vulnerable individuals unable to be vaccinated. Critical concept in public health. [[ICMR, MoHFW Guidelines]]
Which technique is best suited for determining the crystal structure of a solid compound?
- IR Spectroscopy
- NMR Spectroscopy
- X-ray Diffraction
- Mass Spectrometry
Answer: X-ray Diffraction
XRD analyzes diffraction patterns of X-rays scattered by crystal lattice, revealing atomic arrangement, unit cell parameters, phase identification. Fundamental for materials characterization. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 12]]
Atal Bhujal Yojana focuses on sustainable management of ________ water through community participation.
- Surface
- Ground
- Rain
- Desalinated
Answer: Ground
Atal Bhujal Yojana (2020) is a World Bank-assisted scheme for participatory groundwater management in water-stressed areas. Aims to improve water security and livelihoods. [[Jal Shakti Ministry Reports]]
True or False: Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) use organic dyes to absorb light and generate electricity.
- True
- False
Answer: True
DSSCs mimic photosynthesis: dye molecules absorb photons, inject electrons into TiO₂ semiconductor, regenerated by electrolyte. Low-cost, flexible alternative to silicon PV; active research area. [[MNRE Reports]]
Which portal allows citizens to track the status of their passport applications?
- PARIVESH
- Passport Seva
- UMANG
- DigiLocker
Answer: Passport Seva
Passport Seva (https://portal.passportindia.gov.in) is the integrated online platform for passport services: application, appointment, tracking, grievance redressal. Part of Mission Mode Projects under Digital India. [[MEA Reports]]
The Ayushman Bharat scheme provides health coverage of up to ₹________ per family per year for secondary and tertiary care.
- 2 lakh
- 5 lakh
- 10 lakh
- 15 lakh
Answer: 5 lakh
Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) offers ₹5 lakh annual coverage for ~50 crore beneficiaries. World's largest government-funded healthcare program. [[NHA, MoHFW Reports]]
True or False: Flow chemistry improves reaction control and safety by conducting reactions in continuously flowing streams.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Flow reactors offer precise temperature/residence time control, easier scale-up, reduced waste, and safer handling of hazardous intermediates. Aligns with green chemistry principles. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 12]]
In a p-n junction diode, the depletion region forms due to:
- Diffusion of majority carriers
- Drift of minority carriers
- Recombination of electrons and holes
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Depletion region: majority carriers diffuse across junction, recombine, leaving immobile ions. Creates built-in potential barrier. Fundamental to diode rectification, transistor operation. [[NCERT Physics Class 12]]
The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-2030) focuses on reducing disaster risk through ________ approaches.
- Reactive
- Preventive
- Curative
- Compensatory
Answer: Preventive
Sendai Framework emphasizes proactive risk reduction: understanding risk, strengthening governance, investing in resilience, enhancing preparedness. India aligns national policies with its targets. [[NDMA, UNDRR Reports]]
True or False: The Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (PMGDISHA) aims to make six crore rural adults digitally literate.
- True
- False
Answer: True
PMGDISHA (2017) trains rural citizens in digital skills: operating devices, internet usage, digital payments, e-governance services. Key for inclusive digital India. [[MeitY Reports]]
BLAST is a bioinformatics tool used for:
- Protein structure prediction
- Sequence alignment
- Gene expression analysis
- Metabolic pathway mapping
Answer: Sequence alignment
BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) compares nucleotide/protein sequences against databases to find regions of similarity. Fundamental for evolutionary studies, functional annotation, diagnostics. [[NCERT Biology Class 12]]
Zeolites are microporous, aluminosilicate minerals used as ________ catalysts in petroleum refining.
- Homogeneous
- Heterogeneous
- Enzymatic
- Photocatalytic
Answer: Heterogeneous
Zeolites (e.g., ZSM-5) have shape-selective pores for catalytic cracking, isomerization. Solid acid catalysts easily separated from products. Critical for clean fuel production. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 12]]
True or False: Pumped hydro storage is the largest-capacity form of grid energy storage globally.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Pumped hydro stores energy by pumping water uphill during low demand; releases through turbines during peak. Accounts for >90% of global grid storage capacity. India has several operational plants. [[MNRE Reports]]
Which feature in UPI transactions adds an extra layer of security by requiring user approval for each payment?
- MPIN
- OTP
- Biometric authentication
- All of these
Answer: All of these
UPI security: MPIN for app access, OTP for transaction verification, biometric (fingerprint/face) for device unlock. Multi-factor authentication minimizes fraud risks. [[NPCI, RBI Guidelines]]
Drones in agriculture are used for crop monitoring, spraying, and collecting ________ data.
- Soil
- Weather
- Multispectral
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Agricultural drones equipped with multispectral sensors assess crop health (NDVI), soil moisture, pest infestation. Enable precision application of inputs, optimizing yield and sustainability. [[MoA Reports, ISRO]]