Medium Level – GK Questions

World Wetlands Day commemorates the adoption of the Ramsar Convention in 1971 and promotes the wise use of wetlands for biodiversity and human well-being.

Proclaimed by the UN General Assembly, this day marks the adoption of CITES and promotes conservation of endangered species and combating wildlife crime.

World Ozone Day commemorates the signing of the Montreal Protocol in 1987 and promotes actions to protect the stratospheric ozone layer.

Established by the UN General Assembly in 2012, this day raises awareness about sustainable forest management and the role of forests in climate mitigation.

Ecological Footprint compares human demand on nature with Earth's biocapacity, indicating whether a population lives within planetary boundaries.

GHI, published by Concern Worldwide and Welthungerhilfe, links food security to environmental factors like climate change, land degradation, and water scarcity.

REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) provides financial incentives for developing countries to conserve forests and enhance carbon stocks.

Developed by the Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago, AQLI quantifies how reducing PM2.5 pollution can increase life expectancy.

Germanwatch, a German environmental NGO, publishes this index analyzing impacts of extreme weather events and countries' exposure to climate risks.

The EPI is a biennial index developed by Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy and Columbia Center for International Earth Science Information Network, with support from the World Economic Forum.

Despite robust legal frameworks, implementation gaps due to institutional constraints, coordination issues, and resource limitations hinder effective environmental protection.

EPR makes producers, importers, and brand owners responsible for collecting and processing plastic packaging waste, promoting circular economy approaches.

BMCs at local level document biodiversity, promote conservation, and ensure equitable benefit-sharing from use of biological resources and traditional knowledge.

This classification streamlines the clearance process based on project scale and potential impact, with Category B further divided into B1 (EIA required) and B2 (no EIA).

NGT has jurisdiction over civil cases involving substantial environmental questions, with powers to grant relief, compensation, and enforce environmental laws.

CAMPA ensures that monetary compensations for diverted forest land are utilized for planned afforestation, wildlife conservation, and related activities.

Green hydrogen, made from water using renewable power, offers a clean fuel alternative for industry, transport, and energy storage to decarbonize the economy.

Converting crop residues into bioenergy or biochar manages waste sustainably, cuts emissions, and generates income for farmers.

ISA mobilizes resources, technology, and finance to scale up solar projects in sun-rich nations, contributing to climate goals and energy access.

Improving energy efficiency is often the most cost-effective way to cut emissions, enhance energy security, and lower consumer bills.