Medium Level – GK Questions

ITU ensures interoperability of global telecommunications infrastructure by allocating radio spectrum, satellite orbits, and developing technical standards. This enables seamless communication across borders and technologies.

ILO was indeed established in 1919 by the Treaty of Versailles as an affiliated agency of the League of Nations. It became the first specialized agency of the UN in 1946, maintaining its unique tripartite structure.

IOM works to ensure orderly and humane migration management, provides humanitarian assistance to migrants in need (including refugees and displaced persons), and promotes international cooperation on migration issues.

WOAH (World Organisation for Animal Health), founded in 1924 and headquartered in Paris, develops science-based standards for animal health and zoonoses, and promotes transparency in global animal disease situations.

The movement was founded in 1863 in Geneva, inspired by Henry Dunant's experiences at the 1859 Battle of Solferino. The first Geneva Convention was adopted in 1864, establishing legal protections for war victims.

IEA was established in 1974 within the OECD framework following the 1973-74 oil embargo. Headquartered in Paris, it focuses on energy security, economic development, environmental awareness, and global engagement on energy issues.

OIC, the second-largest intergovernmental organization after the UN with 57 member states, has its headquarters in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It was founded in 1969 to safeguard Muslim interests and promote international peace.

ISO comes from the Greek 'isos' meaning 'equal'. This ensures the acronym remains consistent across languages. ISO develops voluntary international standards for products, services, and systems to ensure quality, safety, and efficiency.

UPU was established in 1874 as the General Postal Union, renamed in 1878. It became a UN specialized agency in 1948. It coordinates postal policies among member nations and the worldwide postal system.

The Council of Europe was founded on May 5, 1949, by the Treaty of London. It is the continent's leading human rights organization with 46 member states, promoting democracy, human rights, and the rule of law.

The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), established in 1977 and headquartered in Rome, is a UN specialized agency dedicated to financing agricultural development projects primarily for food production in developing countries.

ADB was established in 1966 and is headquartered in Manila, Philippines. It promotes social and economic development in Asia and the Pacific through loans, technical assistance, grants, and equity investments.

IMO, a UN specialized agency established in 1948 and based in London, develops and maintains a comprehensive regulatory framework for shipping covering safety, environmental concerns, legal matters, and security.

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO), established in 1950 and headquartered in Geneva, coordinates global weather observation, forecasting, and climate research, and facilitates international data exchange.

The Maastricht Treaty (Treaty on European Union), signed in 1992 and effective from 1993, formally established the European Union, creating the three-pillar structure and paving the way for the euro currency.

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) became a related organization of the UN system in September 2016, enhancing coordination on global migration governance while maintaining operational independence.

The League of Arab States was founded on March 22, 1945, in Cairo by Egypt, Iraq, Transjordan (now Jordan), Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Syria. Yemen joined as a founding member shortly after.

WIPO was established by convention in 1967 and became a specialized agency of the UN in 1974. It is headquartered in Geneva and promotes the protection of intellectual property worldwide.

SCO was founded in 2001 by China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. India and Pakistan joined as full members in 2017; Iran joined in 2023.

Nigeria is not a G20 member. The G20 comprises 19 countries plus the EU: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, UK, USA, and the EU.