History – MCQ – GK Questions

Aurangzeb reimposed Jizya on non-Muslims in 1679, reversing Akbar's policy of religious tolerance. This decision alienated Rajputs, Marathas, and other communities, contributing to imperial decline. [[30]]

Akbar introduced the Mansabdari system to organize civil and military administration. Mansabdars held ranks (zat and sawar) determining salary, status, and military obligations. [[1]]

Muhammad bin Tughlaq established Diwan-i-Kohi (Department of Agriculture) to bring uncultivated land under plough and improve agricultural productivity. Though innovative, it faced implementation challenges. [[30]]

Rajendra Chola I (1014-1044 CE) led naval expeditions to Sri Lanka, Maldives, and Southeast Asia (Srivijaya Empire). He assumed the title 'Gangaikonda Chola' after conquering the Ganga region. [[1]]

Banabhatta, court poet of Harsha, wrote 'Harshacharita' in Sanskrit prose. It is one of the earliest historical biographies in Indian literature, providing insights into 7th-century North India. [[1]]

In Gupta administration, 'Uparika' was the governor of a province (Bhukti). Below him were 'Vishayapati' (district officer) and 'Gramika' (village headman), forming a hierarchical administrative structure. [[30]]

Kalidasa's play Malavikagnimitram mentions the Yavana (Indo-Greek) invasion during the reign of Pushyamitra Shunga, indicating conflicts between Shungas and Greek rulers in North India. [[30]]

The Indo-Greek rulers (2nd-1st century BCE) were the first to issue gold coins in India featuring royal portraits and bilingual inscriptions in Greek and Kharosthi/Prakrit. [[1]]

Manipuri dance, from Manipur, is deeply rooted in the Vaishnavite tradition and depicts the divine love of Radha and Krishna. It is characterized by gentle, flowing movements and devotional themes. [[1]]

Bharatanatyam originated in Tamil Nadu's temples, with roots in the Natya Shastra. It combines dance, music, and abhinaya (expression) to depict Hindu mythology and spiritual themes. [[30]]

Annie Besant became the first woman President of the Indian National Congress in 1917. A theosophist and social reformer, she also founded the Home Rule League and started the newspaper 'New India'. [[30]]

The United Nations was founded on October 24, 1945, after World War II, to promote international cooperation and prevent future conflicts. Its headquarters is in New York City. [[30]]

The American Declaration of Independence was adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776. Drafted primarily by Thomas Jefferson, it proclaimed the colonies' separation from British rule. [[1]]

Lord Louis Mountbatten was the last Viceroy of India (March-August 1947) and became the first Governor-General of independent India. He oversaw the transfer of power and Partition. [[1]]

The Cabinet Mission (1946) proposed a united India with a weak central government handling defense, foreign affairs, and communications, while provinces were grouped into three sections with significant autonomy. [[30]]

Captain Lakshmi Sehgal (née Swaminathan) led the Rani of Jhansi Regiment, the women's wing of the Indian National Army. She was a doctor and a key figure in the Azad Hind government. [[30]]

Subhash Chandra Bose proclaimed the Provisional Government of Free India (Azad Hind) in Singapore on October 21, 1943. The Indian National Army fought under its banner against the British in Southeast Asia. [[1]]

The Kakori Conspiracy (August 9, 1925) involved HRA members robbing a government treasury on a train near Kakori, Lucknow. Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, and others were executed for their role. [[30]]

The Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) was founded in 1924 by Ram Prasad Bismil, Sachindra Nath Sanyal, and others. It was later renamed Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in 1928. [[1]]

The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed on March 5, 1931, between Mahatma Gandhi and Viceroy Lord Irwin. It ended the Civil Disobedience Movement and allowed Congress to participate in the Second Round Table Conference. [[30]]