History – MCQ – GK Questions

Nalanda University (5th-12th century CE) in Bihar was a premier center for Buddhist learning, attracting scholars from China, Korea, and Central Asia. It was destroyed by Bakhtiyar Khilji in 1193. [[30]]

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels published 'The Communist Manifesto' in 1848. It outlined class struggle and called for proletarian revolution, influencing global socialist movements. [[30]]

The Renaissance originated in 14th-century Italy (Florence), marking a revival of art, literature, science, and humanism. It later spread across Europe, influencing global culture. [[1]]

The original Constitution (1950) had 8 schedules. Currently, there are 12 schedules after amendments. Schedules deal with administrative details like states, languages, and tribal areas. [[1]]

Lord Mountbatten served as the first Governor-General of independent India (August 1947 – June 1948). C. Rajagopalachari was the first and last Indian Governor-General (1948-1950). [[30]]

The Government of India Act 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms) introduced dyarchy, dividing provincial subjects into 'Reserved' (controlled by Governor) and 'Transferred' (controlled by ministers). [[30]]

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar chaired the Drafting Committee. The Constitution was adopted on November 26, 1949, and came into force on January 26, 1950. [[1]]

Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant, founded the Indian National Congress in December 1885 in Bombay. W.C. Banerjee was its first president. [[1]]

Dadabhai Naoroji was elected as a Liberal Party MP from Finsbury Central (London) in 1892. He was known as the 'Grand Old Man of India' and authored 'Poverty and Un-British Rule in India'. [[30]]

Lord Chelmsford was Viceroy during the Jallianwala Bagh massacre (April 13, 1919). General Dyer ordered troops to fire on unarmed civilians in Amritsar, killing hundreds. [[30]]

Bal Gangadhar Tilak popularized the slogan during the Home Rule Movement. He advocated for self-rule and mobilized masses through newspapers like Kesari and Maratha. [[1]]

Treaty of Seringapatam (1792) ended the Third Anglo-Mysore War. Tipu Sultan ceded half his territory to the British and their allies and paid a large indemnity. [[30]]

Battle of Plassey (June 23, 1757) was fought between Robert Clive's forces and Nawab Siraj ud-Daulah of Bengal. British victory marked the beginning of their political rule in India. [[1]]

Goswami Tulsidas composed Ramcharitmanas (16th century), an Awadhi version of the Ramayana. It popularized Rama bhakti across North India and remains widely recited. [[30]]

Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded Brahmo Samaj in 1828 to reform Hinduism, oppose social evils like Sati, and promote monotheism based on Vedantic principles. [[1]]

Akbar built the Buland Darwaza (Gate of Magnificence) in 1601 to commemorate his victory over Gujarat. It is the world's highest gateway and a masterpiece of Mughal architecture. [[30]]

Akbar abolished Jizya in 1564 as part of his policy of Sulh-i-Kul (universal peace) to promote religious tolerance and integrate diverse communities into his administration. [[1]]

Muhammad bin Tughlaq shifted the capital to Daulatabad (Deogiri) in 1327 to better control the Deccan. The move failed due to logistical issues and was reversed after a few years. [[1]]

Alauddin Khilji implemented strict price controls, rationing, and market reforms (Diwan-i-Riyasat) to ensure affordable supplies for his army and prevent hoarding. [[30]]

Qutb ud-Din Aibak founded the Slave (Mamluk) Dynasty in 1206 CE after Muhammad Ghori's death. He started construction of Qutub Minar and Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque in Delhi. [[1]]