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Generate QuizEnvironment – True/False – GK Questions
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Public hearing is a mandatory component of the Environmental Impact Assessment process for most Category A projects in India.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Public consultation, including public hearings, allows affected communities to voice concerns and is required for most large projects under EIA rules.
Mulching helps in conserving soil moisture and suppressing weed growth.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Mulch (organic or inorganic material) covers soil surface, reducing evaporation, moderating temperature, and inhibiting weed germination.
Salinization of soil occurs primarily due to excessive irrigation in arid regions without proper drainage.
- True
- False
Answer: True
In arid areas, evaporation concentrates salts in the root zone; poor drainage prevents salt leaching, leading to soil salinization and reduced fertility.
Terrace farming is a soil conservation technique used on hilly slopes to reduce water runoff.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Terracing creates stepped levels on slopes, slowing water flow, reducing erosion, and retaining soil moisture for cultivation.
The Ganga Action Plan was launched in 1986 to reduce pollution in the River Ganga.
- True
- False
Answer: True
GAP Phase-I was launched in 1986 to intercept, divert, and treat domestic sewage and industrial effluents entering the Ganga.
The term 'Virtual Water' refers to the hidden flow of water embedded in the production and trade of goods and services.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Virtual water represents the water used to produce commodities; trading such goods effectively transfers water resources between regions.
Rainwater harvesting helps in recharging groundwater and reducing surface runoff.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Rainwater harvesting captures and stores rain for direct use or groundwater recharge, reducing water scarcity and flood risks.
The sulfur cycle involves both atmospheric and sedimentary components.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Sulfur cycles through the atmosphere as SO2 from volcanoes and combustion, and through rocks and oceans as sulfates and sulfides.
Transpiration is the release of water vapor from plant leaves into the atmosphere.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Transpiration is part of the water cycle where plants release water vapor through stomata, contributing significantly to atmospheric moisture.
Nitrogen fixation is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is converted into ammonia (NH3) by certain bacteria.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria like Rhizobium convert inert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms for plants, a crucial step in the nitrogen cycle.
The 'Brundtland Report' (1987) is credited with popularizing the term 'Sustainable Development'.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The World Commission on Environment and Development, chaired by Gro Harlem Brundtland, defined sustainable development in its report 'Our Common Future'.
The 'Circular Economy' model aims to eliminate waste by keeping resources in use for as long as possible through reuse, repair, and recycling.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Circular economy contrasts with the linear 'take-make-dispose' model, emphasizing resource efficiency and closed-loop systems.
Sustainable development aims to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
- True
- False
Answer: True
This definition, from the Brundtland Report (1987), emphasizes intergenerational equity and balancing economic, social, and environmental goals.
The 'Appiko Movement' in Karnataka was inspired by the Chipko Movement and focused on forest conservation.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Appiko (meaning 'hug' in Kannada) was launched in 1983 in the Western Ghats to protect forests from commercial exploitation.
The 'Save Silent Valley' movement successfully prevented the construction of a hydroelectric dam in Kerala's Silent Valley National Park.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Public pressure and scientific advocacy led to the cancellation of the dam project, preserving the pristine tropical evergreen forest.
The Narmada Bachao Andolan was primarily a movement against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Led by Medha Patkar, the movement highlighted displacement of tribal communities and environmental impacts of dams like Sardar Sarovar.
Geothermal energy can be harnessed only in regions with active volcanoes or hot springs.
- True
- False
Answer: False
While high-temperature geothermal resources are found in tectonically active areas, low-temperature resources exist widely and can be used for heating via heat pumps.
Nuclear energy is classified as a non-renewable energy source because it relies on uranium, a finite resource.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Although nuclear power produces low carbon emissions, uranium ore is finite and non-renewable on human timescales.
Hydropower is considered a renewable energy source because water is replenished through the natural water cycle.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The water cycle (evaporation, precipitation) continuously replenishes water in reservoirs, making hydropower renewable, though dams have ecological impacts.
Chilika Lake in Odisha is Asia's largest brackish water lagoon and a Ramsar site.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Chilika is the largest coastal lagoon in India and the second largest in the world, designated a Ramsar site for its wetland significance.