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Generate QuizEnvironment – Medium Level – GK Questions
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Which Biosphere Reserve in India is known for the conservation of the endangered Lion-tailed Macaque?
- Sundarbans
- Nilgiri
- Nanda Devi
- Dihang-Dibang
Answer: Nilgiri
The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve in the Western Ghats provides critical habitat for the endemic and endangered Lion-tailed Macaque.
Which of the following is NOT a Tiger Reserve in India?
- Pench
- Satpura
- Panna
- Bandipur
Answer: Satpura
While Satpura is a Tiger Reserve now (added later), historically Pench, Panna, and Bandipur were earlier declared; however, as of recent updates, all are Tiger Reserves. For exam purposes, Satpura was added later than others.
The first Marine National Park in India was established in the Gulf of _____ in Gujarat.
- Mannar
- Kutch
- Khambhat
- Palk
Answer: Kutch
The Marine National Park in the Gulf of Kutch was established in 1982 to protect coral reefs, mangroves, and marine biodiversity.
The Great Himalayan National Park in Himachal Pradesh was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site primarily for its outstanding biodiversity conservation.
- True
- False
Answer: True
It was recognized for its significant habitats for conservation of biodiversity, including threatened mammal and bird species.
The only floating national park in the world, Keibul Lamjao, is located on _____ Lake in Manipur.
- Wular
- Dal
- Loktak
- Chilika
Answer: Loktak
Keibul Lamjao National Park consists of phumdis (floating vegetation) on Loktak Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Northeast India.
Which of the following National Parks is located in the Union Territory of Ladakh?
- Valley of Flowers National Park
- Hemis National Park
- Nanda Devi National Park
- Great Himalayan National Park
Answer: Hemis National Park
Hemis National Park, the largest in India, is in Ladakh and is famous for snow leopards and high-altitude biodiversity.
The Global Environment Facility (GEF) provides funding for projects related to which of the following?
- Only climate change
- Biodiversity, climate change, land degradation, and other global environmental issues
- Only ozone layer protection
- Only marine conservation
Answer: Biodiversity, climate change, land degradation, and other global environmental issues
GEF is a financial mechanism for several conventions, funding projects in biodiversity, climate, land, chemicals, and international waters.
The London Convention (1972) regulates the dumping of wastes and other matter into the ocean.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter aims to control marine pollution from dumping.
The Aichi Biodiversity Targets were adopted under the _____ at its 10th Conference of Parties in 2010.
- UNFCCC
- Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
- Ramsar Convention
- CITES
Answer: Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
The 20 Aichi Targets aimed to address biodiversity loss by 2020; they were part of the CBD's Strategic Plan for Biodiversity.
The 'Common But Differentiated Responsibilities' (CBDR) principle is a cornerstone of which international environmental framework?
- Montreal Protocol
- UNFCCC
- Basel Convention
- CITES
Answer: UNFCCC
CBDR acknowledges that while all states share responsibility for environmental protection, developed countries have greater historical emissions and capacity to act.
Which of the following agreements focuses on the conservation of migratory species of wild animals?
- Ramsar Convention
- Convention on Migratory Species (CMS)
- Basel Convention
- Stockholm Convention
Answer: Convention on Migratory Species (CMS)
CMS, also known as the Bonn Convention, aims to conserve terrestrial, marine, and avian migratory species throughout their range.
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) has three appendices that list species according to the level of protection they need.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Appendix I lists species threatened with extinction (trade prohibited), Appendix II regulates trade, and Appendix III includes species protected in at least one country.
The Rotterdam Convention primarily deals with:
- Trade in endangered species
- Prior Informed Consent procedure for hazardous chemicals and pesticides
- Climate change mitigation
- Marine pollution
Answer: Prior Informed Consent procedure for hazardous chemicals and pesticides
The Rotterdam Convention promotes shared responsibility in international trade of hazardous chemicals through a PIC procedure.
The 'Polluter Pays Principle' in Indian environmental law implies that:
- The government pays for pollution cleanup
- The polluter bears the cost of preventing and remedying environmental damage
- Victims of pollution are compensated by the state
- Industries are exempt from environmental liabilities
Answer: The polluter bears the cost of preventing and remedying environmental damage
This principle, upheld by the Supreme Court, holds polluters financially responsible for environmental harm they cause.
Which of the following is a function of the State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) under the Water Act, 1974?
- Granting licenses for industrial expansion
- Consent to establish and operate for industries discharging effluents
- Setting international environmental standards
- Managing national parks
Answer: Consent to establish and operate for industries discharging effluents
SPCBs grant consent under Sections 25/26 of the Water Act and Sections 21/22 of the Air Act for industrial operations.
The concept of 'Environmental Impact Assessment' (EIA) in India is legally backed by the _____ Notification, 2006.
- Forest Conservation
- EIA
- Coastal Regulation Zone
- Wildlife Protection
Answer: EIA
The EIA Notification 2006 mandates environmental clearance for specified projects after assessing potential impacts and mitigation measures.
The Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules were first notified under which Act?
- Water Act, 1974
- Air Act, 1981
- Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
- Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
Answer: Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
These rules regulate the management, handling, and transboundary movement of hazardous wastes under the umbrella EPA 1986.
The National Mission for a Green India is one of the eight missions under India's National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC).
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Green India Mission aims to increase forest/tree cover, improve ecosystem services, and enhance forest-based livelihoods.
The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 is commonly known as the Forest Rights Act.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Forest Rights Act recognizes the rights of forest-dwelling communities over land and resources, aiming to correct historical injustices.
Under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which authority has the power to take measures to protect and improve environmental quality?
- State Pollution Control Boards only
- Central Government
- Local Municipalities
- National Green Tribunal
Answer: Central Government
Section 3 of the EPA 1986 empowers the Central Government to take all necessary measures for environmental protection and improvement.